The Health and Well-Being of Women and Girls Who Are Refugees: A Case for Action

Jinane Chalouhi, David C. Currow, Nuhad Yazbik Dumit, Shailendra Sawleshwarkar, Nancy Glass, Sophie Stanfield, Michelle Digiacomo and Patricia M. Davidson ()
Additional contact information
Jinane Chalouhi: Previous Vice Chancellors Unit, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
David C. Currow: Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
Nuhad Yazbik Dumit: School of Nursing, American University of Beirut, Beirut P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon
Shailendra Sawleshwarkar: Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
Nancy Glass: School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
Sophie Stanfield: Graduate School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
Michelle Digiacomo: Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
Patricia M. Davidson: Previous Vice Chancellors Unit, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia

IJERPH, 2025, vol. 22, issue 2, 1-18

Abstract: The plight of displaced people is an escalating global challenge. No longer solely the domain of individuals working in humanitarian settings, the plight of refugees is now a very visible aspect in mainstream health and social services. Refugee women and girls face serious and interconnected health challenges due to forced displacement, limited access to healthcare, gender-based violence, exploitation, and other factors affecting their health and well-being, particularly social determinants of health. These experiences are often built upon intergenerational forms of abuse such as enduring colonial and patriarchal models where there are fundamental power imbalances and impediments to economic and political stability and as a consequence health and well-being. One in five displaced women and girls experiences sexual violence, which has lasting effects on their physical and mental health. Moreover, financial instability and uncertainty in migration status can further push women and girls into exploitative circumstances, such as modern slavery and survival sex. This paper presents a scoping review using a gender-based lens aimed at analyzing the social determinants impacting the health and well-being of refugee women and girls. The environmental, socio-economic, cultural, and gender-specific drivers of security are described. Advocating for strategies to promote health equity, protection, resilience, and empowerment for refugee women and girls is important for their health and well-being. Achieving this is critical in contributing towards building stronger, healthier, and resilient communities, and creating a buffer to the escalating numbers of people being driven from their homes worldwide.

Keywords: women; girls; refugees; social determinants of health; intersectionality; gender-based violence; discrimination; racism; migration (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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