A Panel of Diverse Inflammatory Biomarkers Is Not Associated with BMI-Calibrated Obesity nor with Dyslipidemia or Dysglycemia in Clinically Healthy Adults Aged 20 to 40 Years

Mai S. Sater (), Zainab H. A. Malalla, Muhalab E. Ali and Hayder A. Giha
Additional contact information
Mai S. Sater: Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences (CMHS), Arabian Gulf University (AGU), Manama P.O. Box 26671, Bahrain
Zainab H. A. Malalla: Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences (CMHS), Arabian Gulf University (AGU), Manama P.O. Box 26671, Bahrain
Muhalab E. Ali: Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences (CMHS), Arabian Gulf University (AGU), Manama P.O. Box 26671, Bahrain
Hayder A. Giha: Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Khartoum, Sudan

IJERPH, 2025, vol. 22, issue 2, 1-15

Abstract: Objectives: Low-grade metabolic inflammation is associated with several chronic metabolic disorders, including obesity. However, no concrete evidence that supports obesity as a direct cause of chronic inflammation. This study aims to identify the association of inflammation with obesity in apparently healthy adults. Methods: In this study, 162 seemingly healthy volunteers, aged between 20 and 40 years, of comparable sex ratio, were recruited and categorized based on their body mass index (BMI) into four obesity scales: normal (N), overweight (OW), obese (OB), and severely obese (SOB). After clinical examination, fasting blood samples were collected from the study subjects for glycemic (fasting blood glucose—FBG, and HbA1c) and lipid (total cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C, and triacyl glycerides -TAG) profile analysis. In addition, plasma levels of a panel of diverse inflammatory biomarkers, IL6, IL8, procalcitonin (PCT), TREM1, and uPAR were analyzed by sandwich ELISA. Results: The results showed that LDLC, TAG, FBG, and HbA1c were significantly higher in the obese (OB and SOB) group, compared to the non-obese (N and OW) group, while HDLc was significantly lower. The biomarker levels were not correlated with age or significantly differed between males and females. Importantly, levels of all assessed inflammatory biomarkers were comparable between the obesity classes. Moreover, the assessed biomarkers in subjects with dyslipidemia or dysglycemia were comparable to those with normal profiles. Finally, the biomarker levels were not correlated with the obesity, glycemic, or lipidemic parameters. Conclusions: After correction for age and co-morbidities, our results deny the association of discrete obesity, probably dyslipidemia, and dysglycemia with systemic chronic inflammation. Further studies of local and systemic inflammation in non-elderly, healthy obese subjects are needed.

Keywords: obesity; dyslipidemia; dysglycemia; inflammation; BMI; inflammatory biomarkers (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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