Connecting Health and Technology: Validation of Instant Messaging for Use as Diabetes Mellitus Control Strategy in Older Brazilian Adults

Manoela Vieira Gomes da Costa (), Renata Puppin Zandonadi, Verônica Cortez Ginani, Silvana Schwerz Funghetto, Luciano Ramos de Lima, Tania Cristina Morais Santa Barbara Rehem and Marina Morato Stival ()
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Manoela Vieira Gomes da Costa: Graduate Program in Health Sciences and Technologies, Campus Universitario Ceilândia, University of Brasília, Brasília 72220-275, Brazil
Renata Puppin Zandonadi: Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Campus Universitario Darcy Ribeiro, University of Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil
Verônica Cortez Ginani: Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Campus Universitario Darcy Ribeiro, University of Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil
Silvana Schwerz Funghetto: Graduate Program in Health Sciences and Technologies, Campus Universitario Ceilândia, University of Brasília, Brasília 72220-275, Brazil
Luciano Ramos de Lima: Department of Nursing, Ceilândia University Campus, University of Brasília, Brasília 72220-275, Brazil
Tania Cristina Morais Santa Barbara Rehem: Department of Nursing, Ceilândia University Campus, University of Brasília, Brasília 72220-275, Brazil
Marina Morato Stival: Graduate Program in Health Sciences and Technologies, Campus Universitario Ceilândia, University of Brasília, Brasília 72220-275, Brazil

IJERPH, 2025, vol. 22, issue 2, 1-12

Abstract: Background: Digital technologies are increasingly being used to promote effective health interventions in the older adult population. This study aimed to develop and validate instant messages with educational content related to glycemic control, delivered via an instant messaging application, as a type 2 DM control strategy for older adults. Methods: This was a methodological study that developed instant messages containing text and images. The validation process was conducted by a panel of experts composed of nursing, nutrition, and physical education professionals. SPSS version 25.0 was used for the statistical analysis. A CVI was used to measure the experts’ agreement regarding the validity of the content of the educational messages. An exact test of binomial distribution with p > 0.05, indicating statistical significance, and a 0.95 proportion of agreement was used to estimate the statistical reliability of the CVI. Results: Sixty-one text messages were prepared with illustrations as support, and were divided into three themes. The educational messages were validated by experts, with an average CVI score above 0.80 for all indicators. Conclusions: The educational messages developed in this study were considered relevant and clear for older adults and could be applied in the digital environment, with the objective of helping older adults manage type 2 DM.

Keywords: aging; type 2 diabetes mellitus; glycemic control; nursing; nutrition; social media; public health (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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