Exploring the Association Between Problematic Internet Use, Internet Gaming Disorder in Adolescents with ADHD: A Scoping Review

Roberto Ghiaccio, Anna Passaro (), Fabrizio Stasolla, Elvira Martini, Angelo Maria De Fortuna and Raffaele De Luca Picione
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Roberto Ghiaccio: Faculty of Law, Giustino Fortunato University of Benevento, 82100 Benevento, Italy
Anna Passaro: Faculty of Law, Giustino Fortunato University of Benevento, 82100 Benevento, Italy
Fabrizio Stasolla: Faculty of Law, Giustino Fortunato University of Benevento, 82100 Benevento, Italy
Elvira Martini: Faculty of Law, Giustino Fortunato University of Benevento, 82100 Benevento, Italy
Angelo Maria De Fortuna: Department of Communication Sciences, Humanities and International Studies (DISCUI), University of Urbino, 61029 Urbino, Italy
Raffaele De Luca Picione: Faculty of Law, Giustino Fortunato University of Benevento, 82100 Benevento, Italy

IJERPH, 2025, vol. 22, issue 4, 1-14

Abstract: Background: Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Adolescents with ADHD have an elevated risk of developing Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD), a condition involving excessive gaming that disrupts daily life. IGD is linked to traits such as low frustration tolerance and sensation-seeking, with comorbid conditions like anxiety and depression further increasing vulnerability. Gaming frequently serves as a coping strategy due to emotional regulation difficulties. The dynamics within family units and peer relationships play a pivotal role, with dysfunctional environments heightening the risks and positive interactions serving as protective factors. Methods: This scoping review analyzed empirical studies published in the last decade exploring the association between ADHD, Problematic Internet Use (PIU), or IGD, focusing on neurobiological, psychological, and environmental factors. Results: The findings highlight that impulsivity and emotional dysregulation in ADHD contribute to IGD. Gaming is frequently used as a maladaptive coping strategy, with social and family influences modulating risk. Diagnostic complexities arise in distinguishing ADHD-related behaviors from IGD symptoms. Conclusions: Addressing these comorbid conditions requires interdisciplinary collaboration and evidence-based interventions. Future research should focus on understanding ADHD, PIU, or IGD interactions and developing targeted interventions. Longitudinal studies are necessary to establish causal links and assess effective treatment strategies.

Keywords: ADHD; adolescence; internet gaming disorder; problematic use disorder; comorbidity (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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