EAT-Lancet Diet Components Acquisition According to Food Insecurity and Poverty Status in Brazil: An Analysis of National Household Budget Survey 2017–2018

Eduardo De Carli, Mariana Alves Ferreira, Lucas de Almeida Moura, Valéria Troncoso Baltar and Dirce Maria Lobo Marchioni ()
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Eduardo De Carli: Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-904, SP, Brazil
Mariana Alves Ferreira: Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-904, SP, Brazil
Lucas de Almeida Moura: Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-904, SP, Brazil
Valéria Troncoso Baltar: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Collective Health, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói 24030-215, RJ, Brazil
Dirce Maria Lobo Marchioni: Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-904, SP, Brazil

IJERPH, 2025, vol. 22, issue 5, 1-19

Abstract: The EAT-Lancet diet outlines target consumption for specific food components but overlooks accessibility and cost issues, which may hinder adherence among vulnerable populations. This study examines the acquisition profile of EAT-Lancet diet components by food security and poverty status, using data from 57,920 households in the 2017–2018 Brazilian Household Budget Survey. Poverty and food insecurity were defined according to the World Bank per capita income cutoffs and the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale, respectively. Food acquisition was classified into 15 EAT-Lancet diet components and expressed as per capita daily averages (g, % of total available energy, and % of food expenditure), by food security and poverty strata. Brazilian households were 37.9% food-insecure and 12% poor. Compared to more privileged counterparts, these households prioritized the acquisition of staples like refined cereals and legumes over most EAT-Lancet diet adequacy components, such as fruits, vegetables, whole grains, nuts, and peanuts. While lower energy shares from moderation components were only slightly evident for red meat and dairy among food-insecure households, pronounced reductions in added sugars and vegetable oils were seen among the poor. These findings suggest that public policies should synergically address particularities of different deprivation contexts to promote sustainable diets in Brazil.

Keywords: hungry; income; expenditure; sustainability; healthy diet (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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