Disparities in Suicide Mortality Between Indigenous and Non-Indigenous Populations in Southern Brazil (2010–2019)

Thiago Fuentes Mestre (), Fernando Castilho Pelloso, Deise Helena Pelloso Borghesan, Ana Carolina Jacinto Alarcao, Pedro Beraldo Borba, Vlaudimir Dias Marques, Paulo Acácio Egger, Kátia Biagio Fontes, Fernanda Cristina Coelho Musse, José Anderson Labbado, Elizabeth Amâncio de Souza da Silva Valsecchi, Jorge Luiz Lozinski Musse, Amanda Carina Coelho de Morais, Raissa Bocchi Pedroso, Sandra Marisa Pelloso and Maria Dalva de Barros Carvalho
Additional contact information
Thiago Fuentes Mestre: Health Sciences Center, State University of Maringá—UEM, Maringá 87020-900, Brazil
Fernando Castilho Pelloso: Municipal Health Department, Curitiba 80060-130, Brazil
Deise Helena Pelloso Borghesan: Union of Catholic Colleges of Cuiabá, Várzea Grande 78070-200, Brazil
Ana Carolina Jacinto Alarcao: Departament of Psychology, Adventist Faculty of Paraná, Ivatuba 87130-000, Brazil
Pedro Beraldo Borba: Department of Medicine, University of Marília—UNIMAR, São Paulo 17525-902, Brazil
Vlaudimir Dias Marques: Health Sciences Center, State University of Maringá—UEM, Maringá 87020-900, Brazil
Paulo Acácio Egger: Health Sciences Center, State University of Maringá—UEM, Maringá 87020-900, Brazil
Kátia Biagio Fontes: Departament of Nursing, Paranaense University—UNIPAR, Umuarama 87502-210, Brazil
Fernanda Cristina Coelho Musse: Departament of Medicina, State University of Maringá—UEM, Maringá 87020-900, Brazil
José Anderson Labbado: Health Sciences Center, State University of Maringá—UEM, Maringá 87020-900, Brazil
Elizabeth Amâncio de Souza da Silva Valsecchi: Departament of Nursing, State University of Maringá—UEM, Maringá 87020-900, Brazil
Jorge Luiz Lozinski Musse: Health Sciences Center, State University of Maringá—UEM, Maringá 87020-900, Brazil
Amanda Carina Coelho de Morais: Prefeitura Municipal de Maringá, Maringá 87013-230, Brazil
Raissa Bocchi Pedroso: Health Sciences Center, State University of Maringá—UEM, Maringá 87020-900, Brazil
Sandra Marisa Pelloso: Health Sciences Center, State University of Maringá—UEM, Maringá 87020-900, Brazil
Maria Dalva de Barros Carvalho: Health Sciences Center, State University of Maringá—UEM, Maringá 87020-900, Brazil

IJERPH, 2025, vol. 22, issue 9, 1-12

Abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate the temporal trend of suicide deaths and the disparities in the occurrence of suicide death between Indigenous and non-Indigenous populations. This ecological study analyzed deaths from intentionally self-inflicted injuries in the southern region of Brazil (states of Paraná, Santa Catarina, and Rio Grande do Sul) from 2010 to 2019. The variables analyzed included annual frequency of events, age, sex, marital status, and education level. Descriptive analysis, association measures, and verification of temporal trends were performed. The average age-standardized suicide mortality rate for both populations was approximately 9.0 per 100,000 inhabitants, with a predominance among males (80%), single individuals (65%), and youth (37%). When only the state of Paraná was considered, the mortality rate during the period was 12.41 among the Indigenous population versus 6.94 per 100,000 inhabitants in the non-Indigenous population. In this state, the probability of suicide death was found to be almost twice as high among Indigenous men and women, with 13 times greater odds of death among Indigenous children and youth. A statistically significant temporal increase in the number of cases was observed only in the non-Indigenous population. An annual seasonal pattern of events among Indigenous individuals was suggested. The findings indicate a high suicide rate among the Indigenous population, particularly in Paraná, especially among young, single individuals, with a growing trend over the years.

Keywords: suicide; population groups; Indigenous people; time-series studies (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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