Prevalence and Severity of Periodontitis in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis: A Case–Control Study

Angar Soronzonbold, Oyunkhishig Khishigdorj, Davaadorj Duger and Bayarchimeg Batbayar ()
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Angar Soronzonbold: Department of Periodontics and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar 14120, Mongolia
Oyunkhishig Khishigdorj: Department of Periodontics and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar 14120, Mongolia
Davaadorj Duger: Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar 14120, Mongolia
Bayarchimeg Batbayar: Department of Periodontics and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar 14120, Mongolia

IJERPH, 2025, vol. 22, issue 9, 1-11

Abstract: (1) Background: Current evidence suggests a possible association between ulcerative colitis (UC) and an increased risk of periodontitis. However, there is limited evidence regarding the severity of periodontitis in patients with UC. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and severity of periodontitis in patients with UC compared with healthy controls. (2) Methods: In this case–control study, 20 patients with UC and 40 age- and sex-matched controls from Ulaanbaatar Songdo Hospital underwent a full-mouth periodontal examination. Periodontitis was classified according to the 2017 classification system. Logistic regression was used to assess the relationship between UC and stage III/IV periodontitis. (3) Results: Patients with UC exhibited a significantly higher prevalence of periodontitis (95% vs. 72.5%) and stage III/IV periodontitis (55% vs. 20%, p = 0.011) than the controls. UC was associated with increased odds of stage III/IV periodontitis (OR = 4.0, 95% CI: 1.24–12.88, p = 0.02), and this association remained significant after adjusting for age and smoking status. However, after further adjustment for age and plaque levels, the association was attenuated and lost statistical significance. (4) Conclusions: Patients with UC demonstrated a higher prevalence and severity of periodontitis than healthy controls, including a significantly increased proportion of stage III/IV cases. These findings highlight the need for periodontal screening and oral hygiene education as part of the management of patients with UC in Mongolia.

Keywords: periodontitis; ulcerative colitis; inflammatory bowel disease; case–control study (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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