Biological Effects and Safety in Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Review

Valentina Hartwig, Giulio Giovannetti, Nicola Vanello, Massimo Lombardi, Luigi Landini and Silvana Simi
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Valentina Hartwig: ITENI Laboratory, CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, Pisa, Italy
Giulio Giovannetti: ITENI Laboratory, CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, Pisa, Italy
Nicola Vanello: Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Italy
Massimo Lombardi: MRI Laboratory, G. Monasterio Foundation and CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, Pisa, Italy
Luigi Landini: Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Italy
Silvana Simi: Cell Biology and Cytogenetics Unit, CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, Pisa, Italy

IJERPH, 2009, vol. 6, issue 6, 1-21

Abstract: Since the introduction of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) as a diagnostic technique, the number of people exposed to electromagnetic fields (EMF) has increased dramatically. In this review, based on the results of a pioneer study showing in vitro and in vivo genotoxic effects of MRI scans, we report an updated survey about the effects of non-ionizing EMF employed in MRI, relevant for patients’ and workers’ safety. While the whole data does not confirm a risk hypothesis, it suggests a need for further studies and prudent use in order to avoid unnecessary examinations, according to the precautionary principle.

Keywords: electromagnetic fields; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; MRI safety; genotoxic effects (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2009
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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