Ionic Imbalances and Coupling in Synchronization of Responses in Neurons

Seyed-Ali Sadegh-Zadeh, Chandrasekhar Kambhampati and Darryl N. Davis
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Seyed-Ali Sadegh-Zadeh: School of Engineering and Computer Science, University of Hull, Cottingham Rd, Hull, HU6 7RX, UK
Chandrasekhar Kambhampati: School of Engineering and Computer Science, University of Hull, Cottingham Rd, Hull, HU6 7RX, UK
Darryl N. Davis: School of Engineering and Computer Science, University of Hull, Cottingham Rd, Hull, HU6 7RX, UK

J, 2019, vol. 2, issue 1, 1-24

Abstract: Most neurodegenerative diseases (NDD) are a result of changes in the chemical composition of neurons. For example, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the product of Aβ peptide deposition which results in changes in the ion concentration. These changes in ion concentration affect the responses of the neuron to stimuli and often result in inducing excessive excitation or inhibition. This paper investigates the dynamics of a single neuron as ion changes occur. These changes are incorporated using the Nernst equation. Within the central and peripheral nervous system, signals and hence rhythms, are propagated through the coupling of the neurons. It was found that under certain conditions the coupling strength between two neurons could mitigate changes in ion concentration. By defining the state of perfect synchrony, it was shown that the effect of ion imbalance in coupled neurons was reduced while in uncoupled neurons these changes had a more significant impact on the neuronal behavior.

Keywords: neurodegenerative diseases; action potential dynamics; electrophysiology; coupled neurons; gap junctions; synchronization; the region of synchronicity; ion imbalances; coupling conductance; nerve impulse (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I1 I10 I12 I13 I14 I18 I19 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2019
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