Structure and Properties of Supercritical Water: Experimental and Theoretical Characterizations

Norio Yoshida, Masaru Matsugami, Yuichi Harano, Keiko Nishikawa and Fumio Hirata
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Norio Yoshida: Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0052, Japan
Masaru Matsugami: Faculty of Liberal Arts, National Institute of Technology (KOSEN), Kumamoto College, Kumamoto 861-1102, Japan
Yuichi Harano: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Himeji Dokkyo University, Himeji 670-8521, Japan
Keiko Nishikawa: Toyota Physical and Chemical Research Institute, Nagakute 480-1192, Japan
Fumio Hirata: Institute for Molecular Science, National Institute of Natural Sciences, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan

J, 2021, vol. 4, issue 4, 1-29

Abstract: Water in the supercritical region of the phase diagram exhibits a markedly different structure and properties from that at ambient conditions, which is useful in controlling chemical reactions. Nonetheless, the experimental, as well as theoretical, characterization of the substance is not easy because the region is next to the critical point. This article reviews the experimental as well as theoretical studies on water in the supercritical region and its properties as a solvent for chemical reactions, as carried out by the authors and based on small-angle X-ray scattering and the statistical mechanics theory of molecular liquids, also known as reference interaction-site model (RISM) theory.

Keywords: supercritical water; RISM theory; SAXS; density fluctuation; autoionization; Diels–Alder reaction (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I1 I10 I12 I13 I14 I18 I19 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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