Antioxidant Activity of Selected Medicinal Plants Used by Traditional Herbal Practitioners to Treat Cancer in Malawi

Friday Fosta Fred Masumbu, John Finias Kamanula, Anthony Mwakikunga, Bonface Mwamatope and David Tembo ()
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Friday Fosta Fred Masumbu: Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Technology and Innovation, Mzuzu University, P/B 201, Luwinga, Mzuzu 2, Malawi
John Finias Kamanula: Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Technology and Innovation, Mzuzu University, P/B 201, Luwinga, Mzuzu 2, Malawi
Anthony Mwakikunga: Biomedical Sciences Department, School of Life Sciences and Allied Health Professions, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, P/B 360, Chichiri, Blantyre 3, Malawi
Bonface Mwamatope: Basic Sciences Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Lilongwe P.O. Box 219, Malawi
David Tembo: Physics and Biochemical Sciences Department, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Malawi University of Business and Applied Sciences, P/B 303, Chichiri, Blantyre 3, Malawi

J, 2023, vol. 6, issue 4, 1-13

Abstract: This study evaluated the phytochemical composition and antioxidant activity of Piliostigma thonningii (Schumach.) Milne-Redh, Psorospermum febrifugum Spach, Inula glomerata Oliv. and Hiern, Zanthoxylum chalybeum Engl. and Monotes africanus A.DC., claimed to treat cancer by Malawian traditional herbal practitioners. Ground and dried plant extracts were analyzed for total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), total alkaloid content (TAC), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and 2,2-Diphenyl-1-Picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) using standard assays. The TPC, TFC, and TAC ranged from 539 ± 2.70 to 4602 ± 32 mg GAE/g DW, 6.18 ± 0.03 to 64.04 ± 0.16 mg QE/g DW and 19.25 ± 0.07 to 76.05 ± 0.36 mg CE/g DW, respectively, and the variations were significant, p < 0.05. FRAP values ranged from 82.15 ± 0.7 to 687.28 ± 0.71 mg TEAC/g DW and decreased in the following order: P. thoningii (Schumach.) Milne-Redh > P. febrifugum Spach > M. africanus A.DC > Z. chalybeum Engl > I. glomerata Oliv. and Hiern. The scavenging activity (SA 50 ) of the extracts ranged from 0.09 ± 0.01 to 1.57 ± 0.01 μg/mL of extract with P. thonningii (Schumach.) Milne-Redh showing the lowest value. Based on the levels of phenolic compounds and their antioxidant activity, the plants in this study could be considered for use as medicinal agents and sources of natural bioactive compounds and antioxidants.

Keywords: antioxidant activity; medicinal plants; phytochemicals; anticancer properties; traditional herbal practitioners (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I1 I10 I12 I13 I14 I18 I19 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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