Effect of the Duration of Membership in the World Trade Organization on Trademark Applications

Sena Kimm Gnangnon ()
Additional contact information
Sena Kimm Gnangnon: World Trade Organization, Rue de Lausanne 154, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland

JRFM, 2023, vol. 16, issue 10, 1-53

Abstract: This article has examined the effect of the duration of membership in the World Trade Organization (WTO) on the submission of trademarks by countries’ residents. The analysis used an unbalanced sample of 124 countries (including developed and developing countries) and, primarily, the binominal regression approach supplemented by the generalized method of moments estimator, which was utilized for the robustness check. Results have shown that the effect of the duration of WTO membership on trademarks works through the channel of trade costs. This effect is positive for less developed economies and negative for relatively advanced economies. These findings reflect the fact that as countries spend more time as WTO members, they experience a higher submission of patents in relation to trademarks, especially if they enjoy an improvement in their real per capita income (and export complex products). Furthermore, countries that receive higher Aid for Trade flows (which help to reduce trade costs) experience yet a higher number of trademark applications, but to a lesser extent than patent filings.

Keywords: duration of WTO membership; residents’ trademark applications; trade costs; aid for trade (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C E F2 F3 G (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations:

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.mdpi.com/1911-8074/16/10/426/pdf (application/pdf)
https://www.mdpi.com/1911-8074/16/10/426/ (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jjrfmx:v:16:y:2023:i:10:p:426-:d:1247541

Access Statistics for this article

JRFM is currently edited by Ms. Chelthy Cheng

More articles in JRFM from MDPI
Bibliographic data for series maintained by MDPI Indexing Manager ().