Tillage in Combination with Rice Straw Retention in a Rice–Wheat System Improves the Productivity and Quality of Wheat Grain through Improving the Soil Physio-Chemical Properties

Rajeev Kumar Gupta, Jagroop Kaur, Jasjit Singh Kang, Harmeet Singh, Sukhveer Kaur, Samy Sayed, Ahmed Gaber and Akbar Hossain ()
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Rajeev Kumar Gupta: Department of Soil Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, Punjab, India
Jagroop Kaur: Department of Agronomy, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, Punjab, India
Jasjit Singh Kang: Department of Agronomy, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, Punjab, India
Harmeet Singh: Department of Agronomy, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, Punjab, India
Sukhveer Kaur: Department of Agronomy, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, Punjab, India
Samy Sayed: Department of Science and Technology, University College-Ranyah, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
Ahmed Gaber: Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
Akbar Hossain: Division of Agronomy, Bangladesh Wheat and Maize Research Institute, Dinajpur 5200, Bangladesh

Land, 2022, vol. 11, issue 10, 1-18

Abstract: In order to study the contribution of long-term tillage and rice straw management practices on wheat yield and soil properties in a rice–wheat system, a field study was conducted with seven main plot treatments as straw management practices, i.e., puddled transplanted rice + zero till drill sown wheat without paddy and wheat straw (R 1 ), puddled transplanted rice + conventional tillage sown wheat without paddy and wheat straw (R 2 ), puddled transplanted paddy without wheat straw + zero till wheat sown with Happy Seeder with paddy straw as mulch (R 3 ), puddled transplanted rice without wheat straw+ conventional tillage sown wheat after paddy straw incorporation with disc harrow (R 4 ), puddled transplanted rice without wheat straw + zero till sown wheat after paddy straw incorporation with rotavator (R 5 ), puddled transplanted rice with wheat straw + zero till sown wheat with Happy Seeder with paddy straw as mulch (R 6 ), puddled transplanted rice + zero till drill sown wheat after partial burning of wheat and paddy straw (R 7 ) and three subplot treatments, i.e., nitrogen (N) levels (100, 125 and 150 kg ha −1 ), in a rice–wheat system-cropping system during 2017–2018 and 2018–2019 in a split plot experiment. Among different treatments, the straw management practices significantly influenced yield and yield attributes as well as the nutrient availability in soil. The application of 100 kg N ha −1 resulted in a significantly higher partial factor productivity (PFP N ) of N over other levels of N application. The reduction in wheat yields obtained with conventional sowing of wheat without straw/straw burning/removal cannot be compensated even with an additional 50 kg N ha −1 to that obtained with straw retention or incorporation. In addition to saving N, crop residue recycling also helped to improve soil properties, grain quality, profitability, and air quality considerably.

Keywords: straw management practices; nutrient uptake; rice-wheat system; crop productivity; soil properties and quality parameters (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q15 Q2 Q24 Q28 Q5 R14 R52 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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