Climatic and Altitudinal Variation in Physicochemical Properties of Citrus sinensis in India

Jahan Anand, Jagmohan Singh Rawat, Vidyawati Rawat, Bhupendra Singh, Vinod Prasad Khanduri, Manoj Kumar Riyal, Prabhat Kumar, Marina M. S. Cabral Pinto and Munesh Kumar ()
Additional contact information
Jahan Anand: Department of Horticulture, H.N.B. Garhwal University, Srinagar Garhwal 246 174, Uttarakhand, India
Jagmohan Singh Rawat: Department of Horticulture, Govt. Degree College, Rudraprayag 246 171, Uttarakhand, India
Vidyawati Rawat: Department of Rural Technology, H.N.B. Garhwal University, Srinagar Garhwal 246 174, Uttarakhand, India
Bhupendra Singh: Department of Forestry, College of Forestry, V.C.S.G. Uttarakhand University of Horticulture and Forestry, Tehri Garhwal 249 199, Uttarakhand, India
Vinod Prasad Khanduri: Department of Forestry, College of Forestry, V.C.S.G. Uttarakhand University of Horticulture and Forestry, Tehri Garhwal 249 199, Uttarakhand, India
Manoj Kumar Riyal: Department of Basic Sciences, College of Forestry, V.C.S.G. Uttarakhand University of Horticulture and Forestry, Tehri Garhwal 249 199, Uttarakhand, India
Prabhat Kumar: National Coordinator, National Agriculture Higher Education Project (NAHEP), Krishi Anusandhan Bhawan-II, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110 012, NCT, India
Marina M. S. Cabral Pinto: GeoBioTec Research Centre, Department of Geosciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
Munesh Kumar: Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, H.N.B. Garhwal University, Srinagar Garhwal 246 174, Uttarakhand, India

Land, 2022, vol. 11, issue 11, 1-12

Abstract: C. sinensis (L.) Osbeck is grown in large-scale, in-home gardens of traditional agroforestry systems in the Garhwal Himalaya. The present investigation of C. sinensis was conducted on the basis of twenty-six populations in different home gardens located in different geographical variables. The aim was to understand variations in physicochemical properties, viz., fruit weight, fruit length, fruit width, peel thickness, peel weight, juice sacks, juice weight, seeds/fruits, rudimentary seeds/fruits, seed weight, total soluble solids, citric acid, ascorbic acid and sugar content. The results of the study revealed that the physicochemical properties of C. sinensis were significantly varied among the populations. The fruit weight was the most variable among the morphological characteristics, and vitamin C among the nutritive parameters. The average fruit weight varied from 96.64 to 296.86 g/fruit. The other study traits were found to oscillate between 7.73 and 12.76 °Brix (total soluble solids); 3.04 and 5.96% (citric acid); 31.45 and 86.45 mg/g −1 (vitamin C) and 4.65 and 9.27% soluble sugar. Geographical variables (altitude, latitude and longitude, temperature and rainfall) have influenced the physicochemical parameters of C. sinensis significantly. Amongst the physicochemical properties, fruit weight and vitamin C were the most variable parameters and could be used for the improvement of C. sinensis . These variations in the C. sinensis population have enabled great advances in better understanding the variability in the physicochemical properties of fruit and response to biotic and abiotic stresses.

Keywords: C. sinensis; fruit dimension; geographical variables; Garhwal Himalaya; ascorbic acid; citric acid; soluble sugar; total soluble solids (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q15 Q2 Q24 Q28 Q5 R14 R52 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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