Hyperspectral PRISMA and Sentinel-2 Preliminary Assessment Comparison in Alba Fucens and Sinuessa Archaeological Sites (Italy)

Maria Alicandro, Elena Candigliota, Donatella Dominici, Francesco Immordino, Fabrizio Masin, Nicole Pascucci, Raimondo Quaresima and Sara Zollini ()
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Maria Alicandro: DICEAA, Department of Civil, Construction-Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
Elena Candigliota: ENEA, Department for Sustainability, Division Models and Technologies for Risks Reduction, 40129 Bologna, Italy
Donatella Dominici: DICEAA, Department of Civil, Construction-Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
Francesco Immordino: ENEA, Department for Sustainability, Division Models and Technologies for Risks Reduction, 40129 Bologna, Italy
Fabrizio Masin: Department of Physics and Astronomy “Augusto Righi”, University of Bologna, 40129 Bologna, Italy
Nicole Pascucci: DICEAA, Department of Civil, Construction-Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
Raimondo Quaresima: DICEAA, Department of Civil, Construction-Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
Sara Zollini: DICEAA, Department of Civil, Construction-Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy

Land, 2022, vol. 11, issue 11, 1-24

Abstract: Over the last decades, remote sensing techniques have contributed to supporting cultural heritage studies and management, including archaeological sites as well as their territorial context and geographical surroundings. This paper aims to investigate the capabilities and limitations of the new hyperspectral sensor PRISMA (Precursore IperSpettrale della Missione Applicativa) by the Italian Space Agency (ASI), still little applied to archaeological studies. The PRISMA sensor was tested on Italian terrestrial (Alba Fucens, Massa D’Albe, L’Aquila) and marine (Sinuessa, Mondragone, Caserta) archaeological sites. A comparison between PRISMA hyperspectral imagery and the well-known Sentinel-2 Multi-Spectral Instrument (MSI) was performed in order to better understand features and outputs useful to investigate the aforementioned areas. At first, bad bands analysis and noise removal were performed, in order to delete the numerically corrupted bands. Principal component analysis (PCA) was carried out to highlight invisible details in the original image; then, spectral signatures of representative areas were extracted and compared to Sentinel-2 data. At last, a classification analysis (ML and SAM) was performed both on PRISMA and Sentinel-2 imagery. The results showed a full agreement between Sentinel and PRISMA data, enhancing the capability of PRISMA in extrapolating more spectral information and providing a better reliability in the extraction of the features.

Keywords: PRISMA; hyperspectral sensor; Sentinel-2; bad bands; data processing; PCA; SAM; spectral signature; landscape archaeology (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q15 Q2 Q24 Q28 Q5 R14 R52 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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