Preliminary Model-Based Evaluation of Water Conservation Strategies in a Semi-Arid Urban Zone

Marcelino Antonio Zúñiga-Estrada, Liliana Lizárraga-Mendiola, Carlos Alfredo Bigurra-Alzati, Sergio Esteban Aldana-Alonso, Jorge Santiago Ramírez-Núñez and Gabriela A. Vázquez-Rodríguez
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Marcelino Antonio Zúñiga-Estrada: Área Académica de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Km. 4.5 Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo, Mineral de la Reforma 42086, Mexico
Liliana Lizárraga-Mendiola: Área Académica de Ingeniería y Arquitectura, Mineral de la Reforma 42086, Mexico
Carlos Alfredo Bigurra-Alzati: Área Académica de Ingeniería y Arquitectura, Mineral de la Reforma 42086, Mexico
Sergio Esteban Aldana-Alonso: Laboratorio Nacional de Vivienda y Comunidades Sustentables, Sede Centro Universitario de Arte Arquitectura y Diseño, Universidad de Guadalajara, Calzada Independencia Nte. 5075, Huentitán El Bajo 44250, Mexico
Jorge Santiago Ramírez-Núñez: Laboratorio Nacional de Vivienda y Comunidades Sustentables, Sede Centro Universitario de Arte Arquitectura y Diseño, Universidad de Guadalajara, Calzada Independencia Nte. 5075, Huentitán El Bajo 44250, Mexico
Gabriela A. Vázquez-Rodríguez: Área Académica de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Km. 4.5 Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo, Mineral de la Reforma 42086, Mexico

Land, 2022, vol. 11, issue 1, 1-20

Abstract: The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency stormwater management model was applied to a semi-arid urban micro watershed. The sub-catchment’s current features were modeled as scenario A, while the insertion of a set of LID technologies (rain barrels, bioretention cells, permeable pavement, and infiltration trenches) was represented as scenario B. A third scenario (C), considering only the most feasible LID technologies, was also modeled. All the scenarios were evaluated under two representative storm events (30 and 9 mm in two consecutive days, and 39 mm of rainfall in one day) occurred during the sampling performed in this study. Water quality was also simulated for a 30-mm storm event and compared against field assessment results after a real 30-mm storm event. Through the model, the inefficiency of current evacuation methods after 30- and 39-mm storm events was demonstrated. Simulation of scenario B showed that LID technologies could satisfactorily diminish peak flows generated by the selected storm events as well as runoff-conveyed pollution, while the realistic scenario allowed a lower but satisfactory hydrological performance and almost the same runoff quality than scenario B. This preliminary study could contribute to spread awareness about the benefits of LID technologies in semi-arid urban areas of the developing world.

Keywords: floods; hydrological modeling; imperviousness; stormwater; water quality (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q15 Q2 Q24 Q28 Q5 R14 R52 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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