Public Law Restrictions in the Context of 3D Land Administration—Review on Legal and Technical Approaches

Dimitrios Kitsakis, Eftychia Kalogianni and Efi Dimopoulou
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Dimitrios Kitsakis: School of Rural Surveying and Geoinformatics Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 15780 Athens, Greece
Eftychia Kalogianni: Faculty of Architecture and the Built Environment, Delft University of Technology, 2628 BW Delft, The Netherlands
Efi Dimopoulou: School of Rural Surveying and Geoinformatics Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 15780 Athens, Greece

Land, 2022, vol. 11, issue 1, 1-22

Abstract: Intense exploitation of land implies the development of multi-level, multi-purpose, overlapping and interlocking structures on 3D space, thus resulting in complex, stratified, 3D real property rights between individual owners, as well as restrictions. Legislation regulates the ownership status and use of land by imposing restrictions known as Public Law Restrictions (PLRs). PLRs extend to various fields and various legislative frameworks, such as the protection of archaeological sites, protection and maintenance of underground infrastructures and utilities, environmental protection, flying of unmanned air vehicles, etc. PLRs are usually investigated in the context of property rights and restrictions in the various Land Administration Systems worldwide, and do not often gain specific attention. However, it is noticed that the restrictions that arise from Public Law need to be investigated and classified, so that they can be better utilised in the property status of land ownership. This review paper investigates the legal statutes on PLRs within the context of 3D land administration and the stipulations used to provide unambiguous modelling of PLRs, as provided by the relative literature. Moreover, the PLRs applied in the 3D space, to clearly depict rights, restrictions and responsibilities on the relevant spatial unit (land, air, marine parcel, mine, utility network, etc.), are particularly examined. Therefore, this work is to critically review and assess the aforementioned approaches on PLRs’ registration, modelling and organisation, as provided by a literature survey, and provides an overall view of the requirements and challenges within the development of 3D Land Administration Systems also considering standardisation developments.

Keywords: 3D cadastre; public law restrictions; 3D land administration; RRRs; standardisation (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q15 Q2 Q24 Q28 Q5 R14 R52 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
References: View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (5)

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