Natural and Cultural Lost Landscape during the Holocene along the Central Tyrrhenian Coast (Italy)

Maurizio D’Orefice, Piero Bellotti, Tiberio Bellotti, Lina Davoli and Letizia Di Bella
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Maurizio D’Orefice: Department for the Geological Survey of Italy, ISPRA—Italian Institute for Environmental Protection and Research, 00144 Rome, Italy
Piero Bellotti: Department of Earth Sciences, AIGeo—Italian Association of Physical Geography and Geomorphology, University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
Tiberio Bellotti: Freelance Archeologist Via Capo Spartivento 13, 00122 Rome, Italy
Lina Davoli: Department of Earth Sciences, AIGeo—Italian Association of Physical Geography and Geomorphology, University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
Letizia Di Bella: Earth Sciences Department of Sapienza, University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy

Land, 2022, vol. 11, issue 3, 1-35

Abstract: Landscape evolution over the last 8000 years in three areas located along Tuscany, Latium, and Campania coasts (central Tyrrhenian) has been deduced through a morphological, stratigraphical, and historical approach considering the physical evolution and human activity. Between 8000 and 6000 yr BP, the Sea Level Rise (SLR) dominated and, near the river mouths, inlets occurred. In the Tuscany area, Mt. Argentario was an island and to SE of the Ansedonia promontory a lagoon occurred. The areas were covered by a dense forest and the human influence was negligible. Between 6000 and 4000 yr BP, humans organized settlements and activities, and a general coastline progradation occurred. A tombolo linked Mt. Argentario to the mainland. In the Tiber and Campania areas, coastal lakes and a strand plain developed. Between 4000 and 3000 yr BP, near Mt. Argentario, two tombolos enclosed a wide lagoon. At the SE of the Ansedonia promontory, the lagoon split into smaller water bodies. In the Tiber and Campania areas, delta cusps developed. The anthropogenic presence was widespread and forests decreased. During the last 3000 years, anthropic forcing increased when the Etruscans and Romans changed the territory through towns, salt pans, and ports. After the Roman period, natural forcing returned to dominate until the birth of the Italian State and technological evolution.

Keywords: coastal evolution; cultural and land use changes; anthropic impacts; Holocene; Tyrrhenian Sea (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q15 Q2 Q24 Q28 Q5 R14 R52 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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