Bioremediation of Copper- and Chromium-Contaminated Soils Using Agrostis capillaris L., Festuca pratensis Huds., and Poa pratensis L. Mixture of Lawn Grasses

Olesia Havryliuk, Vira Hovorukha, Iryna Bida, Yanina Danko, Galina Gladka, Oleg Zakutevsky, Ruslan Mariychuk and Oleksandr Tashyrev
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Olesia Havryliuk: Department of Extremophilic Microorganisms Biology, Zabolotny Institute of Microbiology and Virology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 03143 Kyiv, Ukraine
Vira Hovorukha: Department of Extremophilic Microorganisms Biology, Zabolotny Institute of Microbiology and Virology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 03143 Kyiv, Ukraine
Iryna Bida: Department of Extremophilic Microorganisms Biology, Zabolotny Institute of Microbiology and Virology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 03143 Kyiv, Ukraine
Yanina Danko: Department of Extremophilic Microorganisms Biology, Zabolotny Institute of Microbiology and Virology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 03143 Kyiv, Ukraine
Galina Gladka: Department of Extremophilic Microorganisms Biology, Zabolotny Institute of Microbiology and Virology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 03143 Kyiv, Ukraine
Oleg Zakutevsky: Department of Sorption and Fine Inorganic Synthesis, Institute for Sorption and Problems of Endoecology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 03164 Kyiv, Ukraine
Ruslan Mariychuk: Department of Ecology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, Presov University in Presov, 08116 Presov, Slovakia
Oleksandr Tashyrev: Department of Extremophilic Microorganisms Biology, Zabolotny Institute of Microbiology and Virology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 03143 Kyiv, Ukraine

Land, 2022, vol. 11, issue 5, 1-14

Abstract: Environmental pollution by toxic metals is a common ecological problem. Chromium and copper compounds released into the environment as a result of human-made stress pose a serious threat to living organisms. Phytoremediation is a promising method of toxic metals removal from contaminated sites. The concentration of metals in grass biomass—in the roots and aerial parts—was determined by X-ray fluorescence analysis. The estimation of numbers of microorganisms was conducted by a tenfold dilution and spread-plating method. It was shown that lawn grass accumulated from 69.1 ± 13.2 to 497.7 ± 74.1 mg/kg Cu and Cr during the growth in the contaminated soil with 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg of metals. In general, there was a pattern of accumulation of copper in the aerial part of the grass and chromium in the roots. Thus, the total copper concentration in the aerial part ranged from 105.2 ± 23.8 to 497.7 ± 74.1 mg/kg of plant biomass. The total chromium concentration in the roots ranged from 156.4 ± 47.9 to 426.8 ± 62.5 mg/kg. The viability of the soil microbiome was not inhibited at such metal concentrations. The obtained data allow lawn grass to be considered as promising for the phytoremediation of contaminated areas.

Keywords: environmental pollution; heavy metals contamination; copper; chromium; phytoremediation; lawn grass; soil microbiome (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q15 Q2 Q24 Q28 Q5 R14 R52 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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