Mountain Landscape and Human Settlement in the Pindus Range: The Samarina Highland Zones of Western Macedonia, Greece

Paolo Biagi (), Elisabetta Starnini, Nikos Efstratiou, Renato Nisbet, Philip D. Hughes and Jamie C. Woodward
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Paolo Biagi: Department of Asian and North African Studies, Ca’ Foscari University of Venice, Ca’ Cappello, 30125 Venice, Italy
Elisabetta Starnini: Department of Civilizations and Forms of Knowledge, University of Pisa, Via dei Mille 19, 56126 Pisa, Italy
Nikos Efstratiou: Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Philosophy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54006 Thessaloniki, Greece
Renato Nisbet: Department of Asian and North African Studies, Ca’ Foscari University of Venice, Ca’ Cappello, 30125 Venice, Italy
Philip D. Hughes: Department of Geography, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
Jamie C. Woodward: Department of Geography, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK

Land, 2022, vol. 12, issue 1, 1-42

Abstract: Past human mountain settlement patterns and resource and high-altitude landscape exploitation are underexplored research fields in archaeology. This study presents data gathered during more than 20 years of fieldwork in the Pindus range of Western Macedonia (Greece), focusing in particular on Holocene land use. The investigated territory is located around the Vlach town of Samarina. The area is partly bounded by Mounts Vasilitsa, Gurguliu, Bogdani and Anitsa, and their interconnecting watersheds between ca. 1400 and 2000 m a.s.l. This research led to the discovery of many sites and findspots of lithic and ceramic artefacts attributed to the Middle and Upper Palaeolithic, Mesolithic, Late Neolithic, Chalcolithic, Bronze Age, and several Historical periods. The radiocarbon results show an unexpected longue durée of Holocene human landscape use. The number of sites, their distribution, location, and subsistence strategies exhibit shifts between the Middle Palaeolithic and different periods of the Holocene, which are closely related to the exploitation of the mountain environment and its resources. Moreover, typical knapped stone artefacts have been used as a proxy for dating the glacial landforms which characterise the Samarina highland zone; we correlate them to the better-known moraine systems of Mount Tymphi in Epirus and contribute to the reconstruction of the Pleistocene glacial landscapes of the Pindus Range.

Keywords: mountain environment; human landscape; prehistoric settlement; Pindus range; north-western Greece (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q15 Q2 Q24 Q28 Q5 R14 R52 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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