Vulnerability Analysis of the Cultural Heritage Sites—The Roman Edifice with Mosaic, Constanța, Romania

Andreea Andra-Topârceanu, Mihaela Verga, Mihaiu Eugen Mafteiu, Marius-Daniel Andra, Marian Marin, Radu-Daniel Pintilii, Giampietro Mazza and Donatella Carboni ()
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Andreea Andra-Topârceanu: Department of Geomorphology-Pedology-Geomatics, The Faculty of Geography, University of Bucharest, 010041 Bucharest, Romania
Mihaela Verga: Department of Geomorphology-Pedology-Geomatics, The Faculty of Geography, University of Bucharest, 010041 Bucharest, Romania
Mihaiu Eugen Mafteiu: MM Georesearch, 062153 Bucharest, Romania
Marius-Daniel Andra: The Institution Organizing University Doctoral Studies (IOSUD), Doctoral School of Economic and Humanities Sciences (DSEHS), Valahia University Târgoviște, 130004 Târgoviște, Romania
Marian Marin: Research Center for Integrated Analysis and Territorial Management (CAIMT), University of Bucharest, 010041 Bucharest, Romania
Radu-Daniel Pintilii: Research Center for Integrated Analysis and Territorial Management (CAIMT), University of Bucharest, 010041 Bucharest, Romania
Giampietro Mazza: Department of Education Sciences (DISFOR), University of Genova, 16126 Genova, Italy
Donatella Carboni: Department of Humanities and Social Sciences (DUMAS), University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy

Land, 2023, vol. 12, issue 2, 1-24

Abstract: Heritage monuments are religious, historical, strategic, or civil edifices and could be deteriorated or even damaged due to their exposure to natural and anthropogenic hazards. The Roman Edifice with Mosaic (II-IV A.D.), the largest civil edifice (2040 m 2 ) in Eastern Europe, is an ancient civil edifice built on the steep cliff in the western part of the Black Sea, Constanța, Romania, and is exposed to geomorphological and hydrogeological processes, which are affected by degradation. The main objective of this paper is to assess the current state of this ancient historical site in relation to environmental instability and offer scientific support for the rehabilitation process through interdisciplinary and non-destructive methods. Geophysical methods had been applied to comparatively analyze the spatial variations and flows of groundwater around the Roman Edifice with Mosaic in 2008 and 2019. Geomorphological hazards had already been inventoried and mapped. The results emphasize the state of degradation of the Roman mosaic pavement and ancient walls, mainly through high variations in the deposits’ moisture due to poor maintenance, which caused suffosion, and slip processes, bringing the mosaic into a high vulnerability range. The vulnerability map of the Roman Edifice with Mosaic environment is a necessary tool for continuously improving risk management because it clearly emphasizes the sectors that still have hazards.

Keywords: cultural heritage; Roman Edifice with Mosaic; geomorphological hazard; geophysical survey; geomorphological methods; vulnerability zoning; apparent resistivity; self-potential (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q15 Q2 Q24 Q28 Q5 R14 R52 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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