Regional Development, Rural Transformation, and Land Use/Cover Changes in a Fast-Growing Oil Palm Region: The Case of Jambi Province, Indonesia

Ernan Rustiadi, Andrea Emma Pravitasari (), Rista Ardy Priatama, Jane Singer, Junaidi Junaidi, Zulgani Zulgani and Rizqi Ianatus Sholihah
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Ernan Rustiadi: Division of Regional Development Planning, Department of Soil Science and Land Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
Andrea Emma Pravitasari: Division of Regional Development Planning, Department of Soil Science and Land Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
Rista Ardy Priatama: Center for Regional System Analysis, Planning, and Development (CRESTPENT), IPB University, Bogor 16127, Indonesia
Jane Singer: Department of Global Studies, Faculty of Global Engagement, Kyoto University of Foreign Studies, Kyoto 615-8558, Japan
Junaidi Junaidi: Faculty of Economics and Business, Jambi University, Jambi 36122, Indonesia
Zulgani Zulgani: Faculty of Economics and Business, Jambi University, Jambi 36122, Indonesia
Rizqi Ianatus Sholihah: Center for Regional System Analysis, Planning, and Development (CRESTPENT), IPB University, Bogor 16127, Indonesia

Land, 2023, vol. 12, issue 5, 1-20

Abstract: The development policies implemented in Jambi Province, Indonesia, since the New Order era, have encouraged transformations in demography, regional paradigms, growth base sectors, and growth actors. This study aims to understand how the central government’s demographic policies and plantation development program have impacted regional land cover change, rural development transformation, and economic development in Sumatra Island’s biodiversity-rich rainforest region (Jambi Province). This study explores the shifts in village typology that have occurred. Descriptive analysis and cluster analysis were applied to collect data at the provincial level that included population, poverty rate, levels of education, HDI, GRDP, Gini index, and land cover. Village Potential Data at the village level was then used to build an infrastructure index and a diversity of activities index. The results of this study indicated that macro development indicators are in a positive trend: HDI, educational levels, GRDP per capita, and the proportion of the tertiary sector in GRDP have all increased. The growth of the tertiary sector was largely driven by the trade and motorized-vehicle repair sectors. The provincial landscape has changed significantly due to the expansion of oil palm plantations. At the village level, the infrastructure index and diversity index show an increase in the number of facilities and variations in economic activity in most villages. Some shifts in rural typology are highlighted: the increase in urban villages and in villages that specialize in oil palm plantation or other industrial plantation crops.

Keywords: economic diversity; oil palm plantation; spatial typology; transmigration (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q15 Q2 Q24 Q28 Q5 R14 R52 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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