Optimized Resource Allocation for Sustainable Development in Beijing: Integrating Water, Land, Energy, and Carbon Nexus

Yanning Gao, Xiaowen Shi (), Haozhe Zhang and Renwu Tang
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Yanning Gao: School of Government, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
Xiaowen Shi: School of Government, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
Haozhe Zhang: School of Economics and Management, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
Renwu Tang: School of Government, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China

Land, 2024, vol. 13, issue 10, 1-17

Abstract: Chinese megacities face significant challenges in reducing carbon emissions while balancing economic growth and social welfare. This study constructs an innovative multi-objective optimization model, the SD-NSGA-III model, integrated with a System Dynamics (SD) model and using the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm III (NSGA-III) to optimize resource allocation in Beijing. The model targets environmental, economic, and social goals by establishing a water–land–energy–carbon (WLEC) nexus for analyzing resource allocation strategies and carbon reduction pathways under various constraints. Scenario simulations under the efficiency-oriented scenario indicated a potential reduction in energy carbon emissions of 81.4% by 2030. The fairness-oriented scenario revealed significant trade-offs between equity and emission reductions, emphasizing the need for balanced strategies. Introducing constraints on resources and economic growth significantly reduced median energy carbon emissions to 80 million tons by 2030. These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of the SD-NSGA-III model in providing actionable strategies for achieving carbon neutrality and sustainable development in cities.

Keywords: resource management; carbon neutrality; megacities; sustainable cities; water–energy–land–carbon nexus (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q15 Q2 Q24 Q28 Q5 R14 R52 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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