Revealing Influencing Mechanisms and Spatial Pattern of Soil Cadmium Through Geodetector and Spatial Analysis

Jingyun Wang (), Jun Yang, Chen Zhao, Xinglei Tian, Xiaofeng Zhao, Wei Zhao, Hao Xin and Xianjun Li
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Jingyun Wang: Shandong Institute of Geological Sciences, Jinan 250013, China
Jun Yang: Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
Chen Zhao: Technical Centre for Soil, Agricultural and Rural Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing 100012, China
Xinglei Tian: Shandong Institute of Geological Sciences, Jinan 250013, China
Xiaofeng Zhao: Key Laboratory of Coupling Process and Effect of Natural Resources Elements, Beijing 100055, China
Wei Zhao: Shandong Institute of Geological Sciences, Jinan 250013, China
Hao Xin: Shandong Institute of Geological Sciences, Jinan 250013, China
Xianjun Li: Shandong Institute of Geological Sciences, Jinan 250013, China

Land, 2025, vol. 14, issue 10, 1-16

Abstract: Elucidating the dominant factors governing heavy metal accumulation and their spatial heterogeneity in soils is fundamental to implementing science-based environmental management protocols. In this study, a Geodetector model, spatial interpolation, bivariate local Moran’s I (BLMI), and hotspot analysis were adopted to reveal the spatial pattern and driving mechanisms of soil cadmium (Cd) across six townships in southern Shimen County, Hunan Province. Results showed that Cd accumulation in the study area was predominantly controlled by natural factors, though anthropogenic contributions were also significant. Strata (q = 0.068), soil type (q = 0.045), and atmospheric deposition (q = 0.046) emerged as the most influential factors. The interaction between different driving factors exhibited a synergistic enhancing effect. Spatial interpolation revealed elevated Cd concentrations primarily clustered in central and western regions, particularly concentrated in Jiashan Town. BLMI analysis confirmed significant spatial correlations between Cd distribution and driving factors, and hotspot areas showing strong spatial coherence with strata and soil type. This study provides valuable insights for understanding the driving mechanisms of soil heavy metal pollution and informs targeted contamination control strategies.

Keywords: heavy metal; Geodetector; driving factor; spatial pattern; Cd (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q15 Q2 Q24 Q28 Q5 R14 R52 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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