Hospital-Oriented Development (HOD): A Quantitative Morphological Analysis for Collaborative Development of Healthcare and Daily Life

Ziyi Chen, Yizhuo Wang, Hua Zhang, Jingmeng Lei, Haochun Tan, Xuan Wang and Yu Ye ()
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Ziyi Chen: College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
Yizhuo Wang: College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
Hua Zhang: College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
Jingmeng Lei: College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
Haochun Tan: College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
Xuan Wang: China Academy of Urban Planning and Design, Beijing 100044, China
Yu Ye: College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China

Land, 2025, vol. 14, issue 10, 1-23

Abstract: With the global trend of population aging, human-centered development that integrates medical convenience with daily life quality has become a critical necessity. However, conceptual frameworks, evaluation methods, and spatial prototypes for such ‘healthcare–daily-life’ development remain limited. This study proposes Hospital-Oriented Development (HOD) as a framework to promote collaborative development by considering both hospital accessibility and urban development intensity, derived from multi-sourced urban data. First, a conceptual framework was established, consisting of three dimensions, i.e., network accessibility, facility completeness, and environmental comfort, which was then characterized by twelve indicators based on urban morphological features. Second, these indicators were quantitatively evaluated through detailed values measured among 20 exemplary hospitals in Shanghai selected via user-generated content. Finally, HOD performance and morphology informed the spatial prototype. The results reveal confidence intervals for each indicator and recommended spatial features. Numerically, there was a positive correlation between facility completeness and network accessibility, but a negative correlation with environmental comfort. Spatially, a context-specific HOD prototype for China was developed. This study proposes the concept of HOD, delivers quantitative measurements, and develops a spatial prototype via empirical research, providing theoretical insights and evidence to support the improvement in healthcare environments from a human-centered perspective.

Keywords: hospital-oriented development (HOD); morphological features; quantitative measurements; multi-sourced urban data; collaborative development of healthcare and daily life (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q15 Q2 Q24 Q28 Q5 R14 R52 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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