Study on Annual Signals of Greenland Ice Sheet Mass and Associated Influencing Factors Based on GRACE/GRACE-FO Data

Kaifeng Ma, Jing Han, Zhen Li, Junzhen Meng, Qingfeng Hu (), Peipei He and Changxu Yao
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Kaifeng Ma: College of Surveying and Geo-Informatics, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450046, China
Jing Han: College of Surveying and Geo-Informatics, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450046, China
Zhen Li: College of Surveying and Geo-Informatics, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450046, China
Junzhen Meng: College of Surveying and Geo-Informatics, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450046, China
Qingfeng Hu: College of Surveying and Geo-Informatics, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450046, China
Peipei He: College of Surveying and Geo-Informatics, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450046, China
Changxu Yao: College of Surveying and Geo-Informatics, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450046, China

Land, 2025, vol. 14, issue 4, 1-19

Abstract: As global temperatures rise, the Greenland ice sheet (GrIS) is undergoing accelerating mass loss, with significant implications for sea level rise and climate systems. Using GRACE and GRACE Follow-On (GRACE-FO) RL06 data from April 2002 to May 2023, alongside MARv3.14 regional climate model outputs (ice melting, runoff, rainfall, snowfall, and land surface temperature (LST)), we investigated the drivers of GrIS mass changes. Continuous wavelet transform analysis revealed significant annual signals in all variables except snowfall, with wavelet decomposition showing the largest annual amplitudes for ice melting (58.8 Gt/month) and runoff (44.5 Gt/month), surpassing those of GRACE/GRACE-FO (31.1 Gt/month). Cross-correlation analysis identified ice melting, runoff, rainfall, snowfall, and LST as significantly correlated with GrIS mass changes, with ice melting, runoff, and LST emerging as primary drivers, while snowfall and runoff exerted secondary influences. Temporal lags of 3, 4, 4, 7, and 4 months were observed for ice melting, runoff, rainfall, snowfall, and LST, respectively. These findings highlight the complex interplay of climatic and hydrological processes driving GrIS mass loss.

Keywords: GrIS; GRACE/GRACE-FO; mass change; driving factors; lagging (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q15 Q2 Q24 Q28 Q5 R14 R52 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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