Spatiotemporally Heterogeneous Effects of Urban Landscape Pattern on PM 2.5: Seasonal Mechanisms in Urumqi, China

Xingchi Zhou, Yantao Xi (), Shuangqiao Wang and Yuanfan Zhang
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Xingchi Zhou: School of Resources and Geosciences, China University of Mining and Technology, Daxue Road 1, Xuzhou 221116, China
Yantao Xi: School of Resources and Geosciences, China University of Mining and Technology, Daxue Road 1, Xuzhou 221116, China
Shuangqiao Wang: Xi’an Meihang Remote Sensing Information Co., Ltd., Xi’an 710199, China
Yuanfan Zhang: School of Resources and Geosciences, China University of Mining and Technology, Daxue Road 1, Xuzhou 221116, China

Land, 2025, vol. 14, issue 6, 1-22

Abstract: PM 2.5 pollution presents a significant risk to urban habitability. The urban landscape pattern (ULP) serves as a crucial regulator that profoundly influences the spatiotemporal distribution features of PM 2.5 . Analysis of the driving mechanisms of the ULP is therefore essential for optimizing urban ecological spatial planning. However, the driving mechanism is dynamic and exhibits seasonal variations. This study selected four landscape metrics and four control variables, developed a geographically and temporally weighted regression (GTWR) model, and examined the spatiotemporal and seasonal effects of ULP on PM 2.5 concentrations in the central urban area of Urumqi (CUA) from 2003 to 2023. The results show the following: (1) Over the past two decades, the four ULP metrics have shown an increasing trend in the CUA. (2) The spatial distribution of PM 2.5 concentrations follows a latitudinal gradient, with higher concentrations observed in the northern regions and lower concentrations in the southern regions, initially increasing and then declining over time. (3) The driving mechanisms of ULP on PM 2.5 exhibited significant variations across different locations and time scales. (4) Seasonal variations arise from pronounced meteorological contrasts and intensified pollution from central heating, which is particularly evident in central CUA.

Keywords: urban landscape pattern; PM 2.5; spatiotemporally heterogeneous; seasonal mechanisms; geographically and temporally weighted regression; Urumqi (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q15 Q2 Q24 Q28 Q5 R14 R52 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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