Emergency Supply Chain Resilience Enhanced Through Blockchain and Digital Twin Technology

Marta Rinaldi, Mario Caterino, Stefano Riemma, Roberto Macchiaroli and Marcello Fera ()
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Marta Rinaldi: Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
Mario Caterino: Dipartimento di Ingegneria, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Roma 29, 81031 Aversa, Italy
Stefano Riemma: Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
Roberto Macchiaroli: Dipartimento di Ingegneria, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Roma 29, 81031 Aversa, Italy
Marcello Fera: Dipartimento di Ingegneria, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Roma 29, 81031 Aversa, Italy

Logistics, 2025, vol. 9, issue 1, 1-24

Abstract: Background : Emergency scenarios present unprecedented challenges for supply chains worldwide, particularly in the management and distribution of critical supplies, where timely delivery and maintaining integrity are crucial. Methods: This article explores an innovative approach to enhance the emergency management of supply chains using blockchain technology and simulation-based modelling. The proposed methodology aims to tackle issues such as transparency, efficiency, and security, which are vital for managing logistics during crises. A case study involving a vaccine rollout is used to demonstrate how blockchain can optimise supply chain operations, reduce bottlenecks, and ensure better traceability and accountability throughout the process. The case study is specifically developed based on the distribution of COVID-19 vaccines in Italy. Results: The integration of blockchain technology not only enhances data integrity and security but also facilitates real-time monitoring and decision-making. Conslusions: The findings suggest that the proposed blockchain-based model can significantly improve supply chain resilience in emergency situations compared to traditional methods, thereby offering valuable insights for policymakers and supply chain managers facing future crises.

Keywords: emergency supply chain; blockchain; digital twin; COVID-19 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: L8 L80 L81 L86 L87 L9 L90 L91 L92 L93 L98 L99 M1 M10 M11 M16 M19 R4 R40 R41 R49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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