Epidemic Dynamics of Two-Pathogen Spreading for Pairwise Models

Shanshan Chen, Yijun Ran, Hebo Huang, Zhenzhen Wang and Ke-ke Shang
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Shanshan Chen: School of Computer Science, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China
Yijun Ran: College of Computer and Information Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
Hebo Huang: School of Journalism and Communication, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
Zhenzhen Wang: School of Communication, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
Ke-ke Shang: Computational Communication Collaboratory, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China

Mathematics, 2022, vol. 10, issue 11, 1-18

Abstract: In the real world, pathogens do not exist in isolation. The transmission of one pathogen may be affected by the presence of other pathogens, and certain pathogens generate multiple strains with different spreading features. Hence, the behavior of multi-pathogen transmission has attracted much attention in epidemiological research. In this paper, we use the pairwise approximation method to formulate two-pathogen models capturing cross-immunity, super-infection, and co-infection phenomena, in which each pathogen follows a susceptible-infected-susceptible (SIS) mechanism. For each model, we calculate the basic reproduction number and analyze the stability of equilibria, and discuss the differences from the mean-field approach. We demonstrate that simulations are in good agreement with the analytical results.

Keywords: epidemic threshold; pairwise models; multiple pathogens; co-infection (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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