Numerical Study of MHD Natural Convection inside a Cubical Cavity Loaded with Copper-Water Nanofluid by Using a Non-Homogeneous Dynamic Mathematical Model

Mohamed Sannad, Ahmed Kadhim Hussein, Awatef Abidi, Raad Z. Homod, Uddhaba Biswal, Bagh Ali, Lioua Kolsi and Obai Younis
Additional contact information
Mohamed Sannad: National School of Applied Sciences, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir 1136, Morocco
Ahmed Kadhim Hussein: Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Babylon, Hilla 51001, Iraq
Awatef Abidi: Physics Department, College of Sciences Abha, King Khalid University, Abha 61321, Saudi Arabia
Raad Z. Homod: Department of Oil and Gas Engineering, Basrah University for Oil and Gas, Basrah 61019, Iraq
Uddhaba Biswal: Department of Mathematics, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela 769008, India
Bagh Ali: Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, Superior University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
Lioua Kolsi: Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Hail, Hail 2440, Saudi Arabia
Obai Younis: Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering at Wadi Addwaser, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Wadi Addwaser 11991, Saudi Arabia

Mathematics, 2022, vol. 10, issue 12, 1-28

Abstract: Free convective flow in a cubical cavity loaded with copper-water nanofluid was examined numerically by employing a non-homogeneous dynamic model, which is physically more realistic in representing nanofluids than homogenous ones. The cavity was introduced to a horizontal magnetic field from the left sidewall. Both the cavity’s vertical left and right sidewalls are preserved at an isothermal cold temperature (T c ). The cavity includes inside it four isothermal heating blocks in the middle of the top and bottom walls. The other cavity walls are assumed adiabatic. Simulations were performed for solid volume fraction ranging from (0 ≤ ϕ ≤ 0.06), Rayleigh number varied as (10 3 ≤ Ra ≤ 10 5 ), the Hartmann number varied as (0 ≤ Ha ≤ 60), and the diameter of nanoparticle varied as (10 nm ≤ d p ≤ 130 nm). It was found that at (d p = 10 nm), the average Nusselt number declines when Ha increases, whereas it increases as (Ra) and (ϕ) increase. Furthermore, the increasing impact of the magnetic field on the average Nusselt number is absent for (Ra = 10 3 ), and this can be seen for all values of (ϕ). However, when (d p ) is considered variable, the average Nusselt number was directly proportional to (Ra) and (ϕ) and inversely proportional to (d p ).

Keywords: natural convection; nanofluid; magnetic field; cubical cavity; non-homogeneous dynamic mathematical model (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (2)

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