Numerical Study of the Flow and Thermomagnetic Convection Heat Transfer of a Power Law Non-Newtonian Ferrofluid within a Circular Cavity with a Permanent Magnet

Nidhal Ben Khedher, Mohammad Shahabadi, Abed Saif Alghawli, Christopher Neil Hulme and Seyed Abdollah Mansouri Mehryan
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Nidhal Ben Khedher: Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 81451, Saudi Arabia
Mohammad Shahabadi: School of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA
Abed Saif Alghawli: Computer Science Department, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, AL-Aflaj 11912, Saudi Arabia
Christopher Neil Hulme: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Brinellvägen 23, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
Seyed Abdollah Mansouri Mehryan: Young Researchers and Elite Club, Yasooj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yasooj 7591493686, Iran

Mathematics, 2022, vol. 10, issue 15, 1-16

Abstract: The aim of this study is to analyze the thermo-magnetic-gravitational convection of a non-Newtonian power law ferrofluid within a circular cavity. The ferrofluid is exposed to the magnetic field of a permanent magnet. The finite element method is employed to solve the non-dimensional controlling equations. A grid sensitivity analysis and the validation of the used method are conducted. The effect of alterable parameters, including the power law index, 0.7 ≤ n ≤ 1.3, gravitational Rayleigh number, 10 4 ≤ Ra T ≤ 10 6 , magnetic Rayleigh number, 10 5 ≤ Ra M ≤ 10 8 , the location of the hot and cold surfaces, 0 ≤ λ ≤ π/2, and the length of the magnet normalized with respect to the diameter of the cavity, 0.1 ≤ L ≤ 0.65, on the flow and heat transfer characteristics are explored. The results show that the heat transfer rate increases at the end of both arcs compared to the central region because of buoyancy effects, and it is greater close to the hot arc. The location of the arcs does not affect the heat transfer rate considerably. An increase in the magnetic Rayleigh number contributes to stronger circulation of the flow inside and higher heat transfer. When the Kelvin force is the only one imposed on the flow, it enhances the heat transfer for magnets of length 0.2 ≤ L ≤ 0.3.

Keywords: non-Newtonian ferrofluid; permanent magnet; thermomagnetic convection; magnetization (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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