Mixed Convection Flow of Water Conveying Graphene Oxide Nanoparticles over a Vertical Plate Experiencing the Impacts of Thermal Radiation

Umair Khan, Aurang Zaib, Anuar Ishak (), Iskandar Waini and Ioan Pop
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Umair Khan: Department of Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, Bangi 43600, Malaysia
Aurang Zaib: Department of Mathematical Sciences, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science & Technology, Gulshan-e-Iqbal, Karachi 75300, Pakistan
Anuar Ishak: Department of Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, Bangi 43600, Malaysia
Iskandar Waini: Fakulti Teknologi Kejuruteraan Mekanikal dan Pembuatan, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, Durian Tunggal, Melaka 76100, Malaysia
Ioan Pop: Department of Mathematics, Babes-Bolyai University, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania

Mathematics, 2022, vol. 10, issue 16, 1-17

Abstract: Water has drawn a lot of interest as a manufacturing lubricant since it is affordable, eco-friendly, and effective. Due to their exceptional mechanical qualities, water solubility, and variety of application scenarios, graphene oxide (GO)-based materials have the potential to increase the lubricant performance of water. The idea of this research was to quantify the linear 3D radiative stagnation-point flow induced by nanofluid through a vertical plate with a buoyancy or a mixed convection effect. The opposing, as well as the assisting, flows were considered in the model. The leading partial differential equations (PDEs) were transformed into dimensionless similarity equations, which were then solved numerically via a bvp4c solver. The influences of various physical constraints on the fluid flow and thermal properties of the nanofluid were investigated and are discussed. Water-based graphene oxide nanoparticles were considered in this study. The numerical outcomes indicated that multiple solutions were obtained in the case of the opposing flow ( λ < 0). The critical values increased as the nanoparticle volume fraction became stronger. Furthermore, as the nanoparticles increased in strength, the friction factor increased and the heat transfer quickened. The radiation factor escalated the heat transfer in both solutions. In addition, a temporal stability analysis was also undertaken to verify the results, and it was observed that the branch of the first outcome became physically reliable (stable) whilst the branch of the second outcome became unstable, as time passed.

Keywords: graphene oxide nanoparticle; stability analysis; buoyancy flow; radiation effect (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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