Hybrid Nanofluid Radiative Mixed Convection Stagnation Point Flow Past a Vertical Flat Plate with Dufour and Soret Effects

Nur Syahirah Wahid, Norihan Md Arifin (), Najiyah Safwa Khashi’ie, Ioan Pop, Norfifah Bachok and Mohd Ezad Hafidz Hafidzuddin
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Nur Syahirah Wahid: Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
Norihan Md Arifin: Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
Najiyah Safwa Khashi’ie: Fakulti Teknologi Kejuruteraan Mekanikal dan Pembuatan, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, Durian Tunggal 76100, Melaka, Malaysia
Ioan Pop: Department of Mathematics, Babeş-Bolyai University, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Norfifah Bachok: Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
Mohd Ezad Hafidz Hafidzuddin: Centre of Foundation Studies for Agricultural Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia

Mathematics, 2022, vol. 10, issue 16, 1-24

Abstract: The widespread application of hybrid nanofluid in real applications has been accompanied by a large increase in computational and experimental research. Due to the unique characteristics of hybrid nanofluid, this study aspires to examine the steady two-dimensional mixed convection stagnation point flow of a hybrid nanofluid past a vertical plate with radiation, Dufour, and Soret effects, numerically. The formulations of the specific flow model are presented in this study. The model of fluid flow that is expressed in the form of partial differential equations is simplified into ordinary differential equations via the transformation of similarity, and then solved numerically by using the boundary value problem solver known as bvp4c in MATLAB, which implements the finite difference scheme with the Lobatto IIIa formula. Two possible numerical solutions can be executed, but only the first solution is stable and meaningful from a physical perspective when being evaluated via a stability analysis. According to the findings, it is sufficient to prevent the boundary layer separation by using 2% copper nanoparticles and considering the lesser amount of Dufour and Soret effects. The heat transfer rate was effectively upgraded by minimizing the volume fraction of copper and diminishing the Dufour effect. Stronger mixed convection would lead to maximum skin friction, mass transfer, and heat transfer rates. This important preliminary research will give engineers and scientists the insight to properly control the flow of fluids in optimizing the related complicated systems.

Keywords: hybrid nanofluid; stagnation point; Dufour and Soret effects; mixed convection; radiation; numerical solutions; stability analysis (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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