Soliton Solutions of Klein–Fock–Gordon Equation Using Sardar Subequation Method

Hamood Ur Rehman, Ifrah Iqbal, Suhad Subhi Aiadi, Nabil Mlaiki () and Muhammad Shoaib Saleem
Additional contact information
Hamood Ur Rehman: Department of Mathematics, University of Okara, Okara 56300, Pakistan
Ifrah Iqbal: Department of Mathematics, University of Okara, Okara 56300, Pakistan
Suhad Subhi Aiadi: Department of Mathematics and Sciences, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh 11586, Saudi Arabia
Nabil Mlaiki: Department of Mathematics and Sciences, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh 11586, Saudi Arabia
Muhammad Shoaib Saleem: Department of Mathematics, University of Okara, Okara 56300, Pakistan

Mathematics, 2022, vol. 10, issue 18, 1-10

Abstract: The Klein–Fock–Gordon equation (KFGE), defined as the equation of relativistic wave related to NLEEs, has numerous implications for energy particle physics and is useful as a model for several types of matter, with deviation in the basic stuffs of particles and in crystals. In this work, the Sardar subequation method (SSM) is used for finding the solution of this KFGE. The advantage of SSM is that it provides many different kinds of solitons, such as dark, bright, singular, periodic singular, combined dark–singular and combined dark–bright solitons. The results show that the SSM is very reliable, simple and can be functionalized to other nonlinear equations. It is verified that all the attained solutions are stable by modulation instability process. To enhance the physical description of solutions, some 3D, contour and 2D graphs are plotted by taking precise values of parameters using Maple 18.

Keywords: Klein–Fock–Gordon equation (KFGE); Sardar subequation method (SSM); non-linear evolution equations (NLEEs); stability analysis (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations:

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/10/18/3377/pdf (application/pdf)
https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/10/18/3377/ (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jmathe:v:10:y:2022:i:18:p:3377-:d:917343

Access Statistics for this article

Mathematics is currently edited by Ms. Emma He

More articles in Mathematics from MDPI
Bibliographic data for series maintained by MDPI Indexing Manager ().