MHD Mixed Convection of Hybrid Ferrofluid Flow over an Exponentially Stretching/Shrinking Surface with Heat Source/Sink and Velocity Slip

Syafiq Zainodin, Anuar Jamaludin (), Roslinda Nazar and Ioan Pop
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Syafiq Zainodin: Department of Mathematics, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
Anuar Jamaludin: Department of Mathematics, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
Roslinda Nazar: Department of Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
Ioan Pop: Department of Mathematics, Babeş-Bolyai University, R-400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania

Mathematics, 2022, vol. 10, issue 23, 1-20

Abstract: This paper investigates the mixed convection flow related to Fe 3 O 4 - CoFe 2 O 4 / water hybrid ferrofluids on stagnation point over an exponentially stretching/shrinking surface with the influence of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD), velocity slip, and heat source/sink. The proposed system of differential equations is reduced using the similarity transformation procedure that is numerically solvable using MATLAB. Dual solutions are obtained for various governing parameters, in which the first solution is found to be in a stable state via the stability analysis. The CoFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles volume fraction increases the heat transfer rate and the skin friction coefficient while delaying the separation of the boundary layer at the bifurcation point. Adding CoFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles in hybrid ferrofluids gives a better heat transfer rate than that obtained with ferrofluids. The presence of a magnetic field enhances the fluid flow velocity. The increased strengths of the heat sink and stretching parameters give better results on the heat transfer, while the results are reversed for the heat source and shrinking parameters. The presence of velocity slip does influence the skin friction and the fluid flow.

Keywords: hybrid ferrofluids; mixed convection; magnetohydrodynamic; dual solution; stability analysis (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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