Branching Random Walks with Two Types of Particles on Multidimensional Lattices

Iuliia Makarova, Daria Balashova, Stanislav Molchanov and Elena Yarovaya
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Iuliia Makarova: Department of Probability Theory, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
Daria Balashova: Department of Probability Theory, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
Stanislav Molchanov: Department of Mathematics and Statistics, National Research University Higher School of Economics, 101000 Moscow, Russia
Elena Yarovaya: Department of Probability Theory, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia

Mathematics, 2022, vol. 10, issue 6, 1-45

Abstract: We consider a continuous-time branching random walk on a multidimensional lattice with two types of particles and an infinite number of initial particles. The main results are devoted to the study of the generating function and the limiting behavior of the moments of subpopulations generated by a single particle of each type. We assume that particle types differ from each other not only by the laws of branching, as in multi-type branching processes, but also by the laws of walking. For a critical branching process at each lattice point and recurrent random walk of particles, the effect of limit spatial clustering of particles over the lattice is studied. A model illustrating epidemic propagation is also considered. In this model, we consider two types of particles: infected and immunity generated. Initially, there is an infected particle that can infect others. Here, for the local number of particles of each type at a lattice point, we study the moments and their limiting behavior. Additionally, the effect of intermittency of the infected particles is studied for a supercritical branching process at each lattice point. Simulations are presented to demonstrate the effect of limit clustering for the epidemiological model.

Keywords: branching random walks; two-type branching processes; multidimensional lattices; homogeneous environments; clustering; intermittency (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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