Optimization of the Cognitive Processes in a Virtual Classroom: A Multi-objective Integer Linear Programming Approach

María Luisa Nolé, David Soler, Juan Luis Higuera-Trujillo and Carmen Llinares
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María Luisa Nolé: Institute for Research and Innovation in Bioengineering (i3B), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camí de Vera s/n, 46022 València, Spain
David Soler: Institut Universitari de Matemàtica Multidisciplinar, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camí de Vera s/n, 46022 València, Spain
Juan Luis Higuera-Trujillo: Institute for Research and Innovation in Bioengineering (i3B), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camí de Vera s/n, 46022 València, Spain
Carmen Llinares: Institute for Research and Innovation in Bioengineering (i3B), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camí de Vera s/n, 46022 València, Spain

Mathematics, 2022, vol. 10, issue 7, 1-20

Abstract: A fundamental problem in the design of a classroom is to identify what characteristics it should have in order to optimize learning. This is a complex problem because learning is a construct related to several cognitive processes. The aim of this study is to maximize learning, represented by the processes of attention, memory, and preference, depending on six classroom parameters: height, width, color hue, color saturation, color temperature, and illuminance. Multi-objective integer linear programming with three objective functions and 56 binary variables was used to solve this optimization problem. Virtual reality tools were used to gather the data; novel software was used to create variations of virtual classrooms for a sample of 112 students. Using an interactive method, more than 4700 integer linear programming problems were optimally solved to obtain 13 efficient solutions to the multi-objective problem, which allowed the decision maker to analyze all the information and make a final choice. The results showed that achieving the best cognitive processing performance involves using different classroom configurations. The use of a multi-objective interactive approach is interesting because in human behavioral studies, it is important to consider the judgement of an expert in order to make decisions.

Keywords: optimization; multi-objective integer linear programming; classroom design; cognitive learning processes (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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