Reservoir Characterization and Productivity Forecast Based on Knowledge Interaction Neural Network

Yunqi Jiang, Huaqing Zhang, Kai Zhang, Jian Wang, Shiti Cui, Jianfa Han, Liming Zhang and Jun Yao
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Yunqi Jiang: School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum East China—Qingdao Campus, Qingdao 266580, China
Huaqing Zhang: College of Sciences, China University of Petroleum East China—Qingdao Campus, Qingdao 266580, China
Kai Zhang: School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum East China—Qingdao Campus, Qingdao 266580, China
Jian Wang: College of Sciences, China University of Petroleum East China—Qingdao Campus, Qingdao 266580, China
Shiti Cui: Exploration and Development Research Institute of PetroChina Tarim Oilfield Company, Korla 841000, China
Jianfa Han: Exploration and Development Research Institute of PetroChina Tarim Oilfield Company, Korla 841000, China
Liming Zhang: School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum East China—Qingdao Campus, Qingdao 266580, China
Jun Yao: School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum East China—Qingdao Campus, Qingdao 266580, China

Mathematics, 2022, vol. 10, issue 9, 1-22

Abstract: The reservoir characterization aims to provide the analysis and quantification of the injection-production relationship, which is the fundamental work for production management. The connectivity between injectors and producers is dominated by geological properties, especially permeability. However, the permeability parameters are very heterogenous in oil reservoirs, and expensive to collect by well logging. The commercial simulators enable to get accurate simulation but require sufficient geological properties and consume excessive computation resources. In contrast, the data-driven models (physical models and machine learning models) are developed on the observed dynamic data, such as the rate and pressure data of the injectors and producers, constructing the connectivity relationship and forecasting the productivity by a series of nonlinear mappings or the control of specific physical principles. While, due to the “black box” feature of machine learning approaches, and the constraints and assumptions of physical models, the data-driven methods often face the challenges of poor interpretability and generalizability and the limited application scopes. To solve these issues, integrating the physical principle of the waterflooding process (material balance equation) with an artificial neural network (ANN), a knowledge interaction neural network (KINN) is proposed. KINN consists of three transparent modules with explicit physical significance, and different modules are joined together via the material balance equation and work cooperatively to approximate the waterflooding process. In addition, a gate function is proposed to distinguish the dominant flowing channels from weak connecting ones by their sparsity, and thus the inter-well connectivity can be indicated directly by the model parameters. Combining the strong nonlinear mapping ability with the guidance of physical knowledge, the interpretability of KINN is fully enhanced, and the prediction accuracy on the well productivity is improved. The effectiveness of KINN is proved by comparing its performance with the canonical ANN, on the inter-well connectivity analysis and productivity forecast tasks of three synthetic reservoir experiments. Meanwhile, the robustness of KINN is revealed by the sensitivity analysis on measurement noises and wells shut-in cases.

Keywords: reservoir characterization; productivity prediction; machine learning; knowledge interaction neural network; embedded model (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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