Endomorphism Type of P (3 m + 1,3)

Rui Gu and Hailong Hou ()
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Rui Gu: School of Mathematics and Statistics, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
Hailong Hou: School of Mathematics and Statistics, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China

Mathematics, 2023, vol. 11, issue 11, 1-6

Abstract: There are six different classes of endomorphisms for a graph. The sets of these endomorphisms always form a chain under the inclusion of sets. In order to study these different endomorphisms more systematically, Böttcher and Knauer proposed the concept of the endomorphism type of a graph in 1992. In this paper, we explore the six different classes of endomorphisms of graph P ( 3 m + 1 , 3 ) . In particular, the endomorphism type of P ( 3 m + 1 , 3 ) is given.

Keywords: endomorphism; half-strong endomorphism; isomorphism; endomorphism type (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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