Reversible Data Hiding in Encrypted Image Based on Bit-Plane Redundancy of Prediction Error

Fang Ren, Ziyi Wu (), Yaqi Xue and Yanli Hao
Additional contact information
Fang Ren: School of Cyberspace Security, Xi’an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi’an 710121, China
Ziyi Wu: School of Cyberspace Security, Xi’an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi’an 710121, China
Yaqi Xue: School of Cyberspace Security, Xi’an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi’an 710121, China
Yanli Hao: School of Cyberspace Security, Xi’an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi’an 710121, China

Mathematics, 2023, vol. 11, issue 11, 1-19

Abstract: In this paper, we propose a reversible data hiding scheme in an encrypted image based on bit-plane redundancy of prediction error. The scheme greatly improves the embedding capacity while maintaining lossless image recovery and error-free secret data extraction. Firstly, the original image is preprocessed to obtain the prediction error image. After the error matrix is divided into blocks, the corresponding block type is obtained. Secondly, the predicted error image is encrypted with stream cipher and the encryption matrix blocks are scrambled to ensure the security of the scheme. Finally, after embedding the block type value into the encrypted image, the spare room corresponding to each block was obtained, which was used to embed the secret data. The scheme makes full use of the spatial correlation of the pixels in the block, so it improves the embedding rate. By selecting 100 images in each dataset of BOSSbase and BOWS-2, when the block size is 3 × 3 , the average embedding rate of our scheme can reach 3.56 bpp and 3.81 bpp, respectively. The performance of the proposed method is better than the other schemes with similar properties.

Keywords: reversible data hiding; encrypted image; prediction error; error matrix (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/11/11/2537/pdf (application/pdf)
https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/11/11/2537/ (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jmathe:v:11:y:2023:i:11:p:2537-:d:1161118

Access Statistics for this article

Mathematics is currently edited by Ms. Emma He

More articles in Mathematics from MDPI
Bibliographic data for series maintained by MDPI Indexing Manager ().