Can a Hand-Held 3D Scanner Capture Temperature-Induced Strain of Mortar Samples? Comparison between Experimental Measurements and Numerical Simulations

Alexander Haynack (), Sekandar Zadran (), Jithender J. Timothy, Serena Gambarelli, Thomas Kränkel, Charlotte Thiel, Joško Ožbolt and Christoph Gehlen
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Alexander Haynack: Centre for Building Materials (CBM), Chair of Materials Science and Testing, Department of Materials Engineering, TUM School of Engineering and Design, Technical University of Munich, 81245 Munich, Germany
Sekandar Zadran: Materials Testing Institute (MPA), University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
Jithender J. Timothy: Centre for Building Materials (CBM), Chair of Materials Science and Testing, Department of Materials Engineering, TUM School of Engineering and Design, Technical University of Munich, 81245 Munich, Germany
Serena Gambarelli: Materials Testing Institute (MPA), University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
Thomas Kränkel: Centre for Building Materials (CBM), Chair of Materials Science and Testing, Department of Materials Engineering, TUM School of Engineering and Design, Technical University of Munich, 81245 Munich, Germany
Charlotte Thiel: Civil Engineering Faculty, OTH Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
Joško Ožbolt: Materials Testing Institute (MPA), University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
Christoph Gehlen: Centre for Building Materials (CBM), Chair of Materials Science and Testing, Department of Materials Engineering, TUM School of Engineering and Design, Technical University of Munich, 81245 Munich, Germany

Mathematics, 2023, vol. 11, issue 17, 1-18

Abstract: The expected lifespan of cement-based materials, particularly concrete, is at least 50 years. Changes in the pore structure of the material need to be considered due to external influences and associated transport processes. The expansion behaviour of concrete and mortar during freeze–thaw attacks, combined with de-icing salt agents, is crucial for both internal and external damage. It is essential to determine and simulate the expansion behaviour of these materials in the laboratory, as well as detect the slow, long-term expansion in real structures. This study measures the expansion of mortar samples during freeze–thaw loading using a high-resolution hand-held 3D laser scanner. The specimens are prepared with fully or partially saturated pore structures through water storage or drying. During freeze–thaw experiments, the specimens are exposed to pure water or a 3% sodium chloride solution (NaCl). Results show contraction during freezing and subsequent expansion during thawing. Both test solutions exhibit similar expansion behaviour, with differences primarily due to saturation levels. Further investigations are required to explore the changing expansion behaviour caused by increasing microcracking resulting from continuous freeze–thaw cycles. A numerical analysis using a 3D coupled hygro-thermo-mechanical (HTM) model is conducted to examine the freeze–thaw behaviour of the mortar. The model accurately represents the freezing deformation during the freeze–thaw cycle.

Keywords: concrete; mortar; durability; freeze–thaw and de-icing salt resistance; strain; 3D laser scanning; numerical simulation; 3D FE numerical model; hygro-thermo-mechanical coupling (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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