Effect of Impaired B-Cell and CTL Functions on HIV-1 Dynamics

Noura H. AlShamrani (), Reham H. Halawani and Ahmed M. Elaiw
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Noura H. AlShamrani: Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, P.O. Box 80327, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
Reham H. Halawani: Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, P.O. Box 80327, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
Ahmed M. Elaiw: Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia

Mathematics, 2023, vol. 11, issue 20, 1-39

Abstract: This paper formulates and analyzes two mathematical models that describe the within-host dynamics of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) with impairment of both cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and B cells. Both viral transmission (VT) and cellular infection (CT) mechanisms are considered. The second model is a generalization of the first model that includes distributed time delays. For the two models, we establish the non-negativity and boundedness of the solutions, find the basic reproductive numbers, determine all possible steady states and establish the global asymptotic stability properties of all steady states by means of the Lyapunov method. We confirm the theoretical results by conducting numerical simulations. We conduct a sensitivity analysis to show the effect of the values of the parameters on the basic reproductive number. We discuss the results, showing that impaired B cells and CTLs, time delay and latent CT have significant effects on the HIV-1 dynamics.

Keywords: HIV-1; cellular transmission; CTL and B-cell impairment; time delays; Lyapunov stability (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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