A Multi-View Approach for Regional Parking Occupancy Prediction with Attention Mechanisms

Wei Ye, Haoxuan Kuang, Xinjun Lai and Jun Li ()
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Wei Ye: School of Intelligent Systems Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
Haoxuan Kuang: School of Intelligent Systems Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
Xinjun Lai: School of Electro-Mechanical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Room 615, Engineering Building No. 2, Waihuanxi Road 100, HEMC, Guangzhou 510006, China
Jun Li: School of Intelligent Systems Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China

Mathematics, 2023, vol. 11, issue 21, 1-18

Abstract: The near-future parking space availability is informative for the formulation of parking-related policy in urban areas. Plenty of studies have contributed to the spatial–temporal prediction for parking occupancy by considering the adjacency between parking lots. However, their similarities in properties remain unspecific. For example, parking lots with similar functions, though not adjacent, usually have similar patterns of occupancy changes, which can help with the prediction as well. To fill the gap, this paper proposes a multi-view and attention-based approach for spatial–temporal parking occupancy prediction, namely hybrid graph convolution network with long short-term memory and temporal pattern attention (HGLT). In addition to the local view of adjacency, we construct a similarity matrix using the Pearson correlation coefficient between parking lots as the global view. Then, we design an integrated neural network focusing on graph structure and temporal pattern to assign proper weights to the different spatial features in both views. Comprehensive evaluations on a real-world dataset show that HGLT reduces prediction error by about 30.14% on average compared to other state-of-the-art models. Moreover, it is demonstrated that the global view is effective in predicting parking occupancy.

Keywords: parking occupancy prediction; multi-view; graph convolution; time pattern attention (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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