Global Dynamics of a Diffusive Within-Host HTLV/HIV Co-Infection Model with Latency

Noura H. AlShamrani, Ahmed Elaiw (), Aeshah A. Raezah and Khalid Hattaf
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Noura H. AlShamrani: Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, P.O. Box 80327, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
Ahmed Elaiw: Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
Aeshah A. Raezah: Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
Khalid Hattaf: Equipe de Recherche en Modélisation et Enseignement des Mathématiques (ERMEM), Centre Régional des Métiers de l’Education et de la Formation (CRMEF), Derb Ghalef, Casablanca 20340, Morocco

Mathematics, 2023, vol. 11, issue 6, 1-47

Abstract: In several publications, the dynamical system of HIV and HTLV mono-infections taking into account diffusion, as well as latently infected cells in cellular transmission has been mathematically analyzed. However, no work has been conducted on HTLV/HIV co-infection dynamics taking both factors into consideration. In this paper, a partial differential equations (PDEs) model of HTLV/HIV dual infection was developed and analyzed, considering the cells’ and viruses’ spatial mobility. CD 4 + T cells are the primary target of both HTLV and HIV. For HIV, there are three routes of transmission: free-to-cell (FTC), latent infected-to-cell (ITC), and active ITC. In contrast, HTLV transmits horizontally through ITC contact and vertically through the mitosis of active HTLV-infected cells. In the beginning, the well-posedness of the model was investigated by proving the existence of global solutions and the boundedness. Eight threshold parameters that determine the existence and stability of the eight equilibria of the model were obtained. Lyapunov functions together with the Lyapunov–LaSalle asymptotic stability theorem were used to investigate the global stability of all equilibria. Finally, the theoretical results were verified utilizing numerical simulations.

Keywords: HTLV/HIV co-infection; virus infection; cell-to-cell infection; mitotic transmission; CTL immune response; diffusion; global stability; latency (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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