Three-Dimensional Unsteady Mixed Convection Flow of Non-Newtonian Nanofluid with Consideration of Retardation Time Effects

Badreddine Ayadi, Kaouther Ghachem, Kamel Al-Khaled, Sami Ullah Khan, Karim Kriaa, Chemseddine Maatki, Nesrine Zahi and Lioua Kolsi ()
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Badreddine Ayadi: Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Ha’il, Ha’il City 81451, Saudi Arabia
Kaouther Ghachem: Department of Industrial Engineering and Systems, College of Engineering, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
Kamel Al-Khaled: Department of Mathematics & Statistics, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan
Sami Ullah Khan: Department of Mathematics, Namal University, Mianwali 42250, Pakistan
Karim Kriaa: Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11432, Saudi Arabia
Chemseddine Maatki: Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11432, Saudi Arabia
Nesrine Zahi: Applied College, Huraymila, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11432, Saudi Arabia
Lioua Kolsi: Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Ha’il, Ha’il City 81451, Saudi Arabia

Mathematics, 2023, vol. 11, issue 8, 1-12

Abstract: The advances in nanotechnology led to the development of new kinds of engineered fluids called nanofluids. Nanofluids have several industrial and engineering applications, such as solar energy systems, heat conduction processes, nuclear systems, chemical processes, etc. The motivation of the present work is to analyze and explore the thermal and dynamic behaviors of a non-Newtonian fluid flow under time retardation effects. The flow is unsteady and caused by a bidirectional, periodically moving surface. In addition to the convective heat transfer and fluid flow, the radiation and chemical reactions have also been considered. The governing equations are established based on the modified Cattaneo–Christov heat flux formulation. It was found that the bidirectional velocities oscillate periodically, and that the magnitude of the oscillation increases with the retardation time. Higher temperatures occur when the porosity parameter is increased, and lower concentrations are encountered for higher values of the concentration relaxation parameter. The current results can be applied in thermal systems, heat transfer enhancement, chemical synthesis, solar systems, power generation, medical applications, the automotive industry, process industries, refrigeration, etc.

Keywords: heat transfer; bidirectional flow; porous medium; nanofluids; accelerating surface; chemical reaction; Oldroyd-B nanofluid (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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