Modeling and Control of the High-Voltage Terminal of a Tandem Van de Graaff Accelerator

Efrén Gutiérrez Ocampo, Belem Saldivar (), Juan Carlos Ávila Vilchis and Otniel Portillo-Rodríguez
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Efrén Gutiérrez Ocampo: Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Instituto Literario No. 100 Ote., Toluca 50130, Estado de México, Mexico
Belem Saldivar: Departamento de Control Automático, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Ciudad de México 07360, Mexico
Juan Carlos Ávila Vilchis: Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Instituto Literario No. 100 Ote., Toluca 50130, Estado de México, Mexico
Otniel Portillo-Rodríguez: Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Instituto Literario No. 100 Ote., Toluca 50130, Estado de México, Mexico

Mathematics, 2024, vol. 12, issue 15, 1-19

Abstract: This paper presents a mathematical model derived from an equivalent electrical circuit to describe the dynamic behavior of the high-voltage terminal of a tandem Van de Graaff accelerator. Two approaches are presented for modeling the transit time of the current flowing through the corona needles. The first one considers an equivalent self-inductance in the corona triode, whereas, in the second one, the transit time is represented by a delay in the corona current. The validation of the proposed models was carried out through experimental tests developed at the National Nuclear Research Institute of Mexico. Furthermore, two strategies for controlling the slow variations of the terminal voltage limited by the slow response of the control loop based on corona discharge are evaluated: a Proportional–Integral–Derivative controller and a sliding mode controller. The Root-Mean-Squared Error calculation leads to the conclusion that both control strategies are suitable for regulating the voltage at the accelerator potential terminal. However, the sliding mode controller leads to an overshoot-free response and a shorter settling time.

Keywords: tandem Van de Graaff accelerator; high-voltage terminal; PID controller; sliding mode controller (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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