A Hybrid Deep Learning Framework for OFDM with Index Modulation Under Uncertain Channel Conditions

Md Abdul Aziz, Md Habibur Rahman, Rana Tabassum, Mohammad Abrar Shakil Sejan, Myung-Sun Baek and Hyoung-Kyu Song ()
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Md Abdul Aziz: Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
Md Habibur Rahman: Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
Rana Tabassum: Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
Mohammad Abrar Shakil Sejan: Department of Electrical Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
Myung-Sun Baek: Department of Electrical Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
Hyoung-Kyu Song: Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea

Mathematics, 2024, vol. 12, issue 22, 1-19

Abstract: Index modulation (IM) is considered a promising approach for fifth-generation wireless systems due to its spectral efficiency and reduced complexity compared to conventional modulation techniques. However, IM faces difficulties in environments with unpredictable channel conditions, particularly in accurately detecting index values and dynamically adjusting index assignments. Deep learning (DL) offers a potential solution by improving detection performance and resilience through the learning of intricate patterns in varying channel conditions. In this paper, we introduce a robust detection method based on a hybrid DL (HDL) model designed specifically for orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing with IM (OFDM-IM) in challenging channel environments. Our proposed HDL detector leverages a one-dimensional convolutional neural network (1D-CNN) for feature extraction, followed by a bidirectional long short-term memory (Bi-LSTM) network to capture temporal dependencies. Before feeding data into the network, the channel matrix and received signals are preprocessed using domain-specific knowledge. We evaluate the bit error rate (BER) performance of the proposed model using different optimizers and equalizers, then compare it with other models. Moreover, we evaluate the throughput and spectral efficiency across varying SNR levels. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed hybrid detector surpasses traditional and other DL-based detectors in terms of performance, underscoring its effectiveness for OFDM-IM under uncertain channel conditions.

Keywords: orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM); wireless communication; index modulation (IM); deep learning (DL); imperfect channel conditions; bidirectional long short-term memory (Bi-LSTM); convolutional neural network (CNN); hybrid deep learning (HDL) (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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