A Comparative Study of Vehicle Velocity Prediction for Hybrid Electric Vehicles Based on a Neural Network

Pei Zhang (), Wangda Lu, Changqing Du, Jie Hu and Fuwu Yan
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Pei Zhang: Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Automotive Components, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
Wangda Lu: Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Automotive Components, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
Changqing Du: Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Automotive Components, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
Jie Hu: Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Automotive Components, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
Fuwu Yan: Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Automotive Components, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China

Mathematics, 2024, vol. 12, issue 4, 1-26

Abstract: Vehicle velocity prediction (VVP) plays a pivotal role in determining the power demand of hybrid electric vehicles, which is crucial for establishing effective energy management strategies and, subsequently, improving the fuel economy. Neural networks (NNs) have emerged as a powerful tool for VVP, due to their robustness and non-linear mapping capabilities. This paper describes a comprehensive exploration of NN-based VVP methods employing both qualitative theory analysis and quantitative numerical simulations. The used methodology involved the extraction of key feature parameters for model inputs through the utilization of Pearson correlation coefficients and the random forest (RF) method. Subsequently, three distinct NN-based VVP models were constructed comprising the following: a backpropagation neural network (BPNN) model, a long short-term memory (LSTM) model, and a generative pre-training (GPT) model. Simulation experiments were conducted to investigate various factors, such as the feature parameters, sliding window length, and prediction horizon, and the prediction accuracy and computation time were identified as key performance metrics for VVP. Finally, the relationship between the model inputs and velocity prediction performance was revealed through various comparative analyses. This study not only facilitated the identification of an optimal NN model configuration to balance prediction accuracy and computation time, but also serves as a foundational step toward enhancing the energy efficiency of hybrid electric vehicles.

Keywords: hybrid electric vehicles; vehicle velocity prediction; neural network; model inputs; prediction performance (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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