Sea Shield: A Blockchain Technology Consensus to Improve Proof-of-Stake-Based Consensus Blockchain Safety

Sana Naz and Scott Uk-Jin Lee ()
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Sana Naz: Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Hanyang University ERICA, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea
Scott Uk-Jin Lee: Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Hanyang University ERICA, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea

Mathematics, 2024, vol. 12, issue 6, 1-40

Abstract: In a blockchain network, a rule set called consensus mechanism is used to create and finalize a block. In a proof-of-stake (PoS), consensus-based blockchain network, nodes become validators, minters, or stakeholders’ nodes to complete the consensus mechanism. In these networks, when a node becomes a validator node, its details need to be saved because the details of the validators are used in the network for many important decisions, such as selecting block proposers for the consensus process. In this paper, we present Sea Shield, which uses a validator chain to save a node’s information when it becomes a validator or leaves its responsibility as a validator in the PoS-based blockchain network. The validator chain is a blockchain that can run with the main chain of a PoS-based blockchain. The internal features of the validator chain are similar to those of the blockchain. We designed and simulated a consensus mechanism to create and finalize the block for the validator chain with no forks. We present a process by which a node may join or unjoin as a validator in a PoS-based blockchain network to improve the overall security of the main chain-consensus process.

Keywords: blockchain; consensus; fork; PoS; PBFT; safety; use case; validator (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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