Reference Modulation-Based H ∞ Control for the Hybrid Energy Storage System in DC Microgrids

Khac Huan Su, Young Seop Son and Youngwoo Lee ()
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Khac Huan Su: School of Engineering, Eastern International University, Thu Dau Mot 820000, Vietnam
Young Seop Son: Graduate School of Data Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
Youngwoo Lee: School of Electrical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea

Mathematics, 2025, vol. 13, issue 13, 1-21

Abstract: In DC microgrids, optimizing the hybrid energy storage system (HESS) current control to meet the power requirements of the load is generally a difficult and challenging task. This is because the HESS always operates under various load conditions, which are influenced by measurement disturbances and parameter uncertainties. Therefore, in this paper, we propose the H ∞ state feedback control based on the reference modulation to improve the current tracking errors of the battery (Bat) and supercapacitor (SC) in the HESS for power tracking performance. Without altering the system control signal, the reference modulation technique combines the feedforward channel and output feedback signal directly to modulate the required currents of the Bat and SC derived from the required load power. The H ∞ state feedback control based on the required Bat and SC currents modulated by the reference modulation technique is proposed to improve the current tracking errors under the influence of measurement disturbances and parameter uncertainties without a disturbance observer. The ability of the reference modulation technique to attenuate the disturbance without the use of a disturbance observer is one advantage for improving transient performance. The improvement of the HESS’s power tracking performance in DC microgrids is confirmed by study results presented under the influence of measurement disturbances for nominal parameters and parameter uncertainties.

Keywords: hybrid energy storage system; reference modulation; H ∞ control; DC microgrids (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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